News
Climate misinformation is rife on social media – and poised to get worse
Meta’s decision to reduce fact-checking can exacerbate climate misinformation during disasters, leaving users to navigate a landscape prone to false claims, undermining public understanding and complicating crisis management.
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The decision by Meta, the parent company of Facebook and Instagram, to end its fact-checking program and otherwise reduce content moderation raises the question of what content on those social media platforms will look like going forward.
One worrisome possibility is that the change could open the floodgates to more climate misinformation on Meta’s apps, including misleading or out-of-context claims during disasters.
In 2020, Meta rolled out its Climate Science Information Center on Facebook to respond to climate misinformation. Currently, third-party fact-checkers working with Meta flag false and misleading posts. Meta then decides whether to attach a warning label to them and reduce how much the company’s algorithms promote them.
Meta’s policies have fact-checkers prioritizing “viral false information,” hoaxes and “provably false claims that are timely, trending and consequential.” Meta explicitly states that this excludes opinion content that does not include false claims.
The company will end its agreements with U.S.-based third-party fact-checking organizations in March 2025. The planned changes slated to roll out to U.S. users won’t affect fact-checking content viewed by users outside the U.S.. The tech industry faces greater regulations on combating misinformation in other regions, such as the European Union.
Fact-checking curbs climate misinformation
I study climate change communication. Fact-checks can help correct political misinformation, including on climate change. People’s beliefs, ideology and prior knowledge affect how well fact-checks work. Finding messages that align with the target audience’s values, along with using trusted messengers – like climate-friendly conservative groups when speaking to political conservatives – can help. So, too, does appealing to shared social norms, like limiting harm to future generations.
Heat waves, flooding and fire conditions are becoming more common and catastrophic as the world warms. Extreme weather events often lead to a spike in social media attention to climate change. Social media posting peaks during a crisis but drops off quickly.
Low-quality fake images created using generative artificial intelligence software, so-called AI slop, is adding to confusion online during crises. For example, in the aftermath of back-to-back hurricanes Helene and Milton last fall, fake AI-generated images of a young girl, shivering and holding a puppy in a boat, went viral on the social media platform X. The spread of rumors and misinformation hindered the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s disaster response.
What distinguishes misinformation from disinformation is the intent of the person or group doing the sharing. Misinformation is false or misleading content shared without active intention to mislead. On the other hand, disinformation is misleading or false information shared with the intent to deceive.
Disinformation campaigns are already happening. In the wake of the 2023 Hawaii wildfires, researchers at Recorded Future, Microsoft, NewsGuard and the University of Maryland independently documented an organized propaganda campaign by Chinese operatives targeting U.S. social media users.
To be sure, the spread of misleading information and rumors on social media is not a new problem. However, not all content moderation approaches have the same effect, and platforms are changing how they address misinformation. For example, X replaced its rumor controls that had helped debunk false claims during fast-moving disasters with user-generated labels, Community Notes. https://www.youtube.com/embed/xgJ-xwXZ0zA?wmode=transparent&start=0 A report found a surge of climate change misinformation on X in the wake of Elon Musk’s acquisition of the social media platform on Oct. 27, 2022.
False claims can go viral rapidly
Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg specifically cited X’s Community Notes as an inspiration for his company’s planned changes in content moderation. The trouble is false claims go viral quickly. Recent research has found that the response time of crowd-sourced Community Notes is too slow to stop the diffusion of viral misinformation early in its online life cycle – the point when posts are most widely viewed.
In the case of climate change, misinformation is “sticky.” It is especially hard to dislodge falsehoods from people’s minds once they encounter them repeatedly. Furthermore, climate misinformation undermines public acceptance of established science. Just sharing more facts does not work to combat the spread of false claims about climate change.
Explaining that scientists agree that climate change is happening and is caused by humans burning greenhouse gases can prepare people to avoid misinformation. Psychology research indicates that this “inoculation” approach works to reduce the influence of false claims to the contrary.
That’s why warning people against climate misinformation before it goes viral is crucial for curbing its spread. Doing so is likely to get harder on Meta’s apps.
Social media users as sole debunkers
With the coming changes, you will be the fact-checker on Facebook and other Meta apps. The most effective way to pre-bunk against climate misinformation is to lead with accurate information, then warn briefly about the myth – but only state it once. Follow this with explaining why it is inaccurate and repeat the truth.
During climate change-fueled disasters, people are desperate for accurate and reliable information to make lifesaving decisions. Doing so is already challenging enough, like when the Los Angeles County’s emergency management office erroneously sent an evacuation alert to 10 million people on Jan. 9, 2025.
Crowd-sourced debunking is no match for organized disinformation campaigns in the midst of information vacuums during a crisis. The conditions for the rapid and unchecked spread of misleading, and outright false, content could get worse with Meta’s content moderation policy and algorithmic changes.
The U.S. public by and large wants the industry to moderate false information online. Instead, it seems that big tech companies are leaving fact-checking to their users.
Jill Hopke, Associate Professor of Journalism, DePaul University
This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.
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The Knowledge
The Mystical Glow of the Night Sky: Exploring Zodiacal Light
Zodiacal light, seen before sunrise, is sunlight scattering off interplanetary dust in the zodiacal cloud. It represents a cosmic connection, best viewed in dark, clear locations during specific times of the year.
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Have you ever looked up at the night sky and noticed a faint glow, gracefully extending from the horizon in a triangular shape? This enchanting phenomenon is known as zodiacal light, often referred to as “false dawn” when it’s visible just before sunrise. While it may seem like a mere trick of the light, the zodiacal light holds a fascinating story about the universe surrounding our planet.
The Science Behind Zodiacal Light
Zodiacal light is the result of sunlight scattering off interplanetary dust, creating a delicate illumination in the night sky. This dust resides in a thick, pancake-shaped cloud known as the zodiacal cloud, which orbits in the ecliptic plane of our Solar System. Ranging from 10 to 300 micrometers in size, these tiny particles have masses that can span from one nanogram to several micrograms. Together, they contribute to what we see as a soft glow, complementing the natural light of a moonless night.
Interestingly, zodiacal light can be seen most effectively in dark locations, far away from the interference of city lights or moonlight. When conditions are perfect—a clear night with minimal light pollution—this soft glow stretches from the direction of the Sun, gracefully illuminating the darker parts of the sky. It’s most prominent in the western sky during spring after sunset and in the eastern sky during autumn before dawn.
The Origins of Cosmic Dust
The source of the dust that creates zodiacal light has long been a subject of exploration and debate. Initially thought to originate from active comet tails or collisions among asteroids, recent research suggests that a significant portion of the dust comes from the gradual fragmentation of dormant comets, specifically those in the Jupiter-family category.
When comets break apart, they send tiny fragments scattering through space. As these particles eventually disintegrate further due to collisions and space weathering, they continue to replenish the zodiacal dust cloud. This dynamic relationship ensures that our view of zodiacal light is not just a fleeting moment, but a persistent feature of our cosmic environment.
Viewing Zodiacal Light: Tips and Tricks
To catch a glimpse of this celestial beauty, timing and location are crucial. For those in mid-latitude regions, the ideal times to observe zodiacal light are during the evenings in spring and mornings in autumn. Choose a spot far from city lights, under a clear and moonless sky. As twilight fades, lean back, breathe in the fresh evening air, and let your eyes adjust to the darkness.
The sight will often reveal a column of light that appears brighter near the horizon and tilts at an angle parallel to the ecliptic. Often mistaken for a glimpse of the Milky Way, zodiacal light offers a serene reminder of the intricate cosmos we inhabit.
The Connection to Gegenschein
Zodiacal light isn’t the only celestial phenomenon related to interplanetary dust. There’s also the gegenschein, or “counterglow,” which is a faint oval glow seen directly opposite the Sun. This unique aspect of zodiacal light and gegenschein adds depth to our understanding of celestial phenomena and invites us to ponder our place in the universe.
A Cosmic Invitation
Zodiacal light is not just a backdrop for the stars; it represents a beautiful, cosmic connection between our planet and the infinity beyond. It serves as a gentle reminder of the fleeting moments in nature—moments that encourage us to pause, look up, and marvel at the intricate dance of light and dust that swirls around us.
So next time you find yourself under a dark sky, take a moment to seek out this enchanting glow. The zodiacal light is waiting, inviting you to experience the magic of our universe. Happy stargazing!
For more information visit these links:
Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zodiacal_light
Earth-Sky: https://earthsky.org/astronomy-essentials/zodiacal-light-false-dusk-how-to-see-explanation/
The science section of our news blog STM Daily News provides readers with captivating and up-to-date information on the latest scientific discoveries, breakthroughs, and innovations across various fields. We offer engaging and accessible content, ensuring that readers with different levels of scientific knowledge can stay informed. Whether it’s exploring advancements in medicine, astronomy, technology, or environmental sciences, our science section strives to shed light on the intriguing world of scientific exploration and its profound impact on our daily lives. From thought-provoking articles to informative interviews with experts in the field, STM Daily News Science offers a harmonious blend of factual reporting, analysis, and exploration, making it a go-to source for science enthusiasts and curious minds alike. https://stmdailynews.com/category/science/
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Space and Tech
Blue Origin’s New Shepard Completes 30th Mission to Space
Blue Origin completed its 30th New Shepard flight, marking its tenth human spaceflight and transporting 52 individuals to space. The mission featured a diverse astronaut crew, underscoring the company’s commitment to expanding access to space exploration.
On a remarkable day for space exploration, Blue Origin celebrated a significant milestone with the successful completion of its 30th flight of the New Shepard program, marking the tenth human spaceflight for the company. This mission showcased a diverse crew of astronauts, featuring Lane Bess, Jesús Calleja, Elaine Chia Hyde, Dr. Richard Scott, Tushar Shah, and an undisclosed sixth member. Notably, Lane Bess flew for the second time, becoming the fourth New Shepard customer to embark on multiple journeys to the edge of space.
New Shepard’s 30th Mission
With this latest flight, New Shepard has now transported a total of 52 individuals into space, including several repeat astronauts. This achievement underscores Blue Origin’s commitment to expanding access to space and fostering a growing community of space travelers.
Phil Joyce, Senior Vice President of New Shepard, expressed his excitement about the diverse backgrounds of the crew, stating, “There’s nothing like seeing the diversity among our crews. This mission brought together people from all over the world—scientists, doctors, entrepreneurs, and adventurers. It’s always inspiring to hear their unique perspectives about the life-changing impact of seeing Earth from space. Huge thanks to our customers for supporting our mission to build a road to space for the benefit of Earth.”
The New Shepard program continues to resonate with those eager to experience the wonder of space travel. For those interested in joining a future mission, more information can be found here. Additionally, commemorative merchandise from today’s landmark flight is available for purchase at the Blue Origin Shop, allowing enthusiasts to own a piece of space history.
As New Shepard moves forward, it not only paves the way for future adventures but also inspires us all to dream big and reach for the stars. Stay tuned for more updates on upcoming missions and the continued journey to making space accessible for everyone.
Read the news release from Blue Origin: https://www.blueorigin.com/news/new-shepard-ns-30-mission
The science section of our news blog STM Daily News provides readers with captivating and up-to-date information on the latest scientific discoveries, breakthroughs, and innovations across various fields. We offer engaging and accessible content, ensuring that readers with different levels of scientific knowledge can stay informed. Whether exploring advancements in medicine, astronomy, technology, or environmental sciences, our science section strives to shed light on the intriguing world of scientific exploration and its profound impact on our daily lives. From thought-provoking articles to informative interviews with experts in the field, STM Daily News Science offers a harmonious blend of factual reporting, analysis, and exploration, making it a go-to source for science enthusiasts and curious minds alike. https://stmdailynews.com/category/science/
STM Daily News is a vibrant news blog dedicated to sharing the brighter side of human experiences. Emphasizing positive, uplifting stories, the site focuses on delivering inspiring, informative, and well-researched content. With a commitment to accurate, fair, and responsible journalism, STM Daily News aims to foster a community of readers passionate about positive change and engaged in meaningful conversations. Join the movement and explore stories that celebrate the positive impacts shaping our world.
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News
FRONTLINE COMMUNITIES CO-SPONSOR NEWLY INTRODUCED “CLIMATE SUPERFUND ACT OF 2025” TO MAKE POLLUTERS PAY FOR CLIMATE-FUELED DISASTERS
The Campaign for a Safe and Healthy California announced its support for the Polluters Pay Climate Superfund Act, aiming to hold fossil fuel companies accountable for climate-related damages affecting California communities.
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SACRAMENTO, Calif., Feb. 21, 2025 /PRNewswire/ — As Californians struggle to rebuild communities torn apart by devastating wildfires, The Campaign for a Safe and Healthy California (CSHC) today announced that it is co-sponsoring the Polluters Pay Climate Superfund Act of 2025 (SB 684 and AB 1243) along with the Center for Biological Diversity and California Environmental Voters. Introduced by Senator Menjivar and Assemblymember Addis, this bill addresses the financial injustices imposed on taxpayers and working families from climate-related disasters by requiring fossil fuel polluters to pay for the destruction they cause.
California Climate
“For decades, Big Oil has reaped massive profits while driving the climate crisis and misleading the public. It’s time for polluters to pay for the destruction they’ve caused,” said Darryl Molina Sarmiento, Executive Director for Communities for a Better Environment and CSHC Steering Committee Member. “This legislation provides a critical pathway to hold these corporations accountable for the damage caused by their products.”
Fueled by climate change and driven by extreme drought and record-breaking heat waves, California’s wildfires are exacerbated by decades of environmental harm caused by large corporate polluters who knew exactly what their pollution would cause.
Despite heroic efforts by firefighters and first responders, Southern California wildfires burned more than 10,000 structures, including homes and businesses, and have driven 180,000 residents out of their homes. This devastation alone is estimated to cost Californians at least $250 billion.
The Polluters Pay Climate Superfund Act identifies and assesses a fee on a small number of the world’s largest fossil fuel polluters, proportional to their fossil fuel emissions since 1990. This legislation addresses a growing crisis in California, where increasingly frequent and devastating wildfires, extreme weather, and other climate-related disasters have placed an enormous financial burden on families, businesses, and the state.
A recent study revealed that ExxonMobil and other oil giants were aware of the climate risks associated with fossil fuels as far back as the 1950s. Instead of acting responsibly, they funneled millions into disinformation campaigns, stalling action and ensuring continued reliance on their products. This deliberate deception has resulted in irreparable harm to California’s families, infrastructure, and natural environment.
The Polluters Pay Climate Superfund Act will:
- Direct CalEPA to complete a climate cost study to quantify total damages to the state (through 2045), caused by past fossil fuel emissions.
- Direct CalEPA to identify responsible parties and assess compensatory fees on the largest fossil fuel polluters proportional to their fossil fuel emissions 1990 through 2024, to address damages quantified in the cost study.
- Fund California’s future. Fees collected will fund projects and programs to mitigate disaster related rate increases for Californians and remedy or prevent climate-related costs and harms. The bill prioritizes labor and job standards and dedicates at least 40% of the funds to benefit disadvantaged communities.
“As a Steering Committee member for the Campaign for a Safe and Healthy California, I am proud to stand alongside a diverse coalition of community leaders and environmental justice organizations in support of the Polluters Pay Climate Superfund Act,” said Martha Dina Argüello, Executive Director of Physicians for Social Responsibility-Los Angeles and CSHC Steering Committee Member. “This bill represents a unified effort to ensure that Big Oil polluters, who have reaped billions in profits while knowingly sacrificing the health and well-being of frontline environmental justice communities and fueling the climate crisis, are held accountable for the damage they have done. Together, Physicians for Social Responsibility LA, Communities for a Better Environment, California Environmental Justice Alliance, Black Women for Wellness LA, Center on Race, Poverty & the Environment, and Asian Pacific Environmental Network Action demand justice for California communities by making polluters pay.”
The state of New York also recently passed a Climate Superfund Bill that shows growing momentum nationwide to hold Big Oil accountable for decades of pollution and its devastating effects on a state and local level. These actions by states are critical as President-elect Donald Trump vows to unravel corporate accountability for the oil industry’s polluting ways.
California has long been a leader in climate policy, and the Polluters Pay Climate Superfund Act builds on this legacy. From wildfire recovery to rebuilding efforts and mitigation, this bill provides a lifeline to families and communities bearing the brunt of climate change.
California’s largest greenhouse gas emitters should be the ones paying for firefighting, disaster recovery, and rebuilding efforts in communities most affected by climate-driven disasters and prevention efforts to limit future tragedies.
“California needs to seize this moment – it is time for our leaders to take bold action to protect our communities and hold those responsible for the climate crisis to account,” said Mabel Tsang, Political Director for California Environmental Justice Alliance and CSHC Steering Committee Member. “Making these polluters pay for their climate damage is the moral and economic responsibility of this generation.”
For more information about the Campaign for a Safe and Healthy California and our efforts to hold polluters accountable, visit our website: CAvsBigOil.com/makepolluterspay.
SOURCE Campaign for a Safe and Healthy California
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