Garrett Augustus Morgan, Sr. (March 4, 1877 – July 27, 1963) was an extraordinary American inventor, businessman, and community leader who made significant contributions to various fields. Born in Paris, Kentucky, Morgan grew up in an African-American community and faced limited educational opportunities. At the age of 14, he moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, in search of work.
Morgan’s entrepreneurial journey began with his experiments in developing a liquid that polished sewing machine needles, preventing them from burning fabric. In 1905, he accidentally discovered that the same liquid could straighten hair. Recognizing its potential, he created a refining cream and established the G. A. Morgan Hair Refining Company, which became successful by offering haircare products like hair-growing cream, black hair oil dye, and a curved-tooth comb for hair straightening.
His inventive mind didn’t stop there. In 1922, after witnessing a car accident, Morgan was inspired to devise a solution to improve road safety. He created a folding traffic signal with “stop” and “go” signs that could be raised on a post above traffic. This innovation, which also included a caution signal, improved traffic flow and visibility for drivers. Morgan patented his traffic signal in 1923 and sold the rights to General Electric for $40,000.
Morgan’s commitment to safety extended beyond roadways. In 1912, he invented a safety hood smoke protection device after witnessing firefighters struggling in suffocating smoke. His device utilized a moist sponge to filter out smoke and cool the air, taking advantage of the tendency of smoke and fumes to rise. He founded the National Safety Device Company in 1914 to market his invention, which he sometimes demonstrated himself disguised as “Big Chief Mason.” His safety hood found widespread use and saved countless lives.
Beyond his inventions, Morgan was deeply involved in the civic and political advancement of African Americans, particularly in Cleveland, Ohio. He became a well-known figure in the community, achieving financial success and using his influence to support his fellow African Americans.
Garrett Augustus Morgan, Sr. left an indelible mark on history through his groundbreaking inventions, successful business ventures, and dedication to his community. His contributions continue to impact our lives, making him a true pioneer and a source of inspiration for generations to come.
References:
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Garrett-Morgan
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garrett_Morgan
https://q5i.09c.myftpupload.com/category/the-bridge/
https://www.biography.com/inventors/garrett-morgan
