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Tracking data reveals how seabird species adopt different strategies to cope with extreme storms

Different seabird species use distinct strategies to cope with cyclones, with some flying directly into the storm, and others using avoidance tactics.

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Credit: Peter Ryan
An Atlantic yellow-nosed albatross flying over the Southern Ocean. Atlantic yellow-nosed albatrosses are adapted to flight in very strong winds.

Newswise — Researchers at the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior in Germany and Swansea University have revealed how different seabird species use distinct strategies to cope with cyclones, with some flying directly into the storm, and others using avoidance tactics. 

A significant amount of research has focused on how animals may be affected by extreme heat, but less is known about how animals respond to extreme winds. Elham Nourani, a Postdoctoral Researcher at the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior and first author of the study, was keen to understand how seabird species respond to cyclone-strength winds and whether certain wind speeds are avoided or preferred by birds.

With the help of 300,000 hours of flight data from 18 different species, Elham and researchers at Swansea University investigated how the flight characteristics varied among different species.

The findings showed that birds living in windier environments, such as albatrosses, are faster fliers. This makes sense, because all birds have to fly faster than the wind in order to determine their own direction, and not simply be drifted where the wind blows. Albatrosses therefore fly faster than tropical species such as the red-tailed tropicbird that experience relatively low wind speeds on a daily basis.

Professor Emily Shepard of Swansea University explained: “The situation becomes more complicated when we start to consider what happens in storms because the strongest wind speeds occur over the tropics, not the Southern Ocean. So, while albatrosses can fly in almost all conditions they experience, tropical species must have strategies to cope with cyclones, when winds may be twice what they are able to fly in”. This adds to other evidence that tropical seabirds are likely to show long-range avoidance of extreme events.”

To their surprise, the researchers also unearthed a handful of examples of wind avoidance in albatrosses. This was particularly unexpected as the albatrosses avoided wind speeds that they were able to fly in in other scenarios.

One such case was seen in an Atlantic yellow-nosed albatross tracked in this study, which encountered a storm off the coast of Uruguay in November 2014. The bird avoided 68 km/h winds by flying into the eye of the storm where wind speed was much lower, around 30 km/h. It flew within the eye for 12 hours before leaving the eye after the storm had moved away from the coast.

“We know that wind-adapted birds like albatrosses fly in very strong winds. What surprised me the most was that even these species avoid strong winds from time to time, and that they can do so by flying into the eye of the storm,” Elham explained.

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The researchers suggest this may be a strategy they use to avoid being drifted somewhere they do not want to go. 

Elham concluded: “As a result of the climate crisis, storms will become more frequent and stronger. So, the question is how seabirds will be impacted by this. Understanding the wind speeds that different species can operate in is a key part of this. What seems like an extreme wind to a tropical species is what an albatross encounters on a near-daily basis, so our definition of extremes needs to vary depending on the species we are talking about.”

Source: Swansea University

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The Resurgence of Tulare Lake: A Story of Resilience and Restoration

Rediscovery of Tulare Lake: A triumph of nature and indigenous resilience

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"Image: Aerial view of Tulare Lake, surrounded by greenery and mountains in the distance."
Tulare Lake. (2024, March 31). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulare_Lake

In the heart of California’s San Joaquin Valley lies a tale of nature’s resilience and the enduring spirit of indigenous communities. Tulare Lake, once the largest body of freshwater west of the Mississippi River, vanished from the landscape over a century ago, leaving behind a legacy of environmental and cultural upheaval. But now, in a stunning turn of events, the ancient lake has returned, bringing with it hope, healing, and a renewed sense of connection to the land.

For the Tachi Yokut Tribe, Tulare Lake, known as Pa’ashi, holds deep historical and cultural significance. It was not just a body of water but a lifeline, sustaining both people and wildlife for generations. However, the lake’s disappearance in 1898 marked the beginning of a dark chapter in the region’s history. Indigenous communities were persecuted and displaced, and the land was transformed for farming through draining and irrigation—a testament to the era’s deeply entrenched settler colonialism.

Despite periodic reappearances in the decades that followed, Tulare Lake remained largely absent from the landscape until the barrage of atmospheric rivers that flooded California in 2023. Against all odds, the lake returned, defying expectations and rekindling a sense of wonder among those who witnessed its resurgence. Now, once again stretching across the valley, Tulare Lake serves as a beacon of hope and a symbol of nature’s resilience.

The return of Tulare Lake has brought about a cascade of positive effects, both ecological and cultural. Native species have reclaimed their habitats, and migratory birds once again grace the skies above the Pacific Flyway. For the Tachi Yokut Tribe, the lake’s resurgence represents a return to ancestral lands and traditions. Ceremonies are once again held along its shores, and native plants are being reintroduced, signaling a renewed connection to the land and its natural rhythms.

However, the rejuvenation of Tulare Lake is not without its challenges. The floods have caused significant damage to crops, homes, and infrastructure, posing a dilemma for policymakers and residents alike. Yet, amidst the destruction, there is a growing consensus that Tulare Lake should be allowed to remain. Recognizing its importance as a vital component of the region’s ecosystem, there is a call for a paradigm shift in how we view and interact with the land.

Letting Tulare Lake remain could not only heal the Central Valley’s relationship with water but also serve as a model for ecological restoration and coexistence. As efforts to drain the lake continue, it is imperative that we consider the long-term implications and embrace a more holistic approach to land management—one that prioritizes sustainability, resilience, and respect for indigenous knowledge and stewardship.

In the words of Kenny Barrios, a cultural liaison for the Tachi Yokut Tribe, “The lake is just like us.” Resilient, enduring, and deeply connected to the land, Tulare Lake stands as a testament to the power of nature and the human spirit. As we embark on this journey of restoration and reconciliation, let us draw inspiration from the ancient waters that have returned to reclaim their rightful place in the landscape.

Tulare Lake, also known as Tache Lake in Yokuts language, is a freshwater lake located in the southern San Joaquin Valley, California, United States. It was historically the largest freshwater lake to the west of the Mississippi River. For thousands of years, from the Paleolithic era, Tulare Lake was a uniquely rich area that supported perhaps the largest population of Native Americans north of present-day Mexico.

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In the latter half of the 19th century, Tulare Lake was drained by diverting its tributary rivers to support agricultural irrigation and municipal water usage. In contemporary times, it is typically a dry lakebed that features residual wetlands and marshes. The lake only reappears after episodes of unusually high rainfall or snowmelt, as it did in 1942, 1969, 1983, 1997, 1998, and 2023. (Wikipedia)

https://stmdailynews.com/category/science/

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Celebrating National Panda Day: Conservation of Precious Bears

March 16 is National Panda Day – a celebration of these fluffy, bamboo-munching bears and a reminder to protect their environment. #PandaDay

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Every year on March 16th, we come together to celebrate National Panda Day, a delightful occasion dedicated to honoring China’s beloved bamboo-munching bears. As a source of national pride, pandas hold a special place in our hearts. With two subspecies, including the iconic Giant Panda and the smaller Qinling Panda, these magnificent creatures play an essential role in China’s unique ecosystem. While their population status has improved from endangered to vulnerable, we must remain committed to preserving pandas and their habitat. In this blog post, we will explore the significance of pandas, their conservation efforts, and the importance of safeguarding their environment.

The Significance of Pandas and their Habitat:
Pandas, particularly the Giant Panda, are revered for their fluffy black and white coats and captivating presence. These awe-inspiring animals are exclusive to the remote, mountainous regions of China. The Qinling Panda, a smaller brown subspecies, was discovered in the mountain ranges of southern Shaanxi Province in China in 1985. However, both subspecies have a crucial role to play in their respective ecosystems. Giant pandas, in particular, thrive on bamboo forests, spreading seeds as they roam and promoting the growth of new vegetation. This symbiotic relationship nurtures not only pandas but also benefits other wildlife and humans.

Endangered Status and Conservation Efforts:
While the panda population has shown some promising growth, there are still fewer than 2,000 pandas left in the wild due to various threats. Habitat loss, farming activities, fur hunting, and other factors have jeopardized their existence. To combat this, conservation organizations, including 27 zoos around the world, are actively working towards protecting giant pandas and creating environments conducive to reproduction. However, the most critical aspect of preserving pandas is the conservation of their natural environment, especially bamboo forests, which serve as their primary source of nutrition.

The History and Importance of National Panda Day:
The exact origin of National Panda Day remains unclear, but it is undoubtedly a day dedicated to spreading awareness and appreciating the beauty and significance of pandas. In 1961, the creation of the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) solidified the panda’s global conservation symbol. The panda’s inclusion in the WWF logo was quite fitting, as this animal represents both beauty and endangerment, garnering love from people worldwide. It has become an emblem for the conservation movement, calling upon individuals and nations to protect endangered species and preserve natural wildlife habitats.

Preserving Pandas and Their Ecosystem:
While pandas are now classified as vulnerable, the battle to protect them is far from over. The efforts of zoos, reforestation initiatives, and conservation campaigns have contributed to the positive change in their status. However, it is crucial to continue protecting their environment. Preservation of the giant panda’s natural habitat not only safeguards the bears themselves but also supports the survival of 70% of the country’s forest birds, 70% of mammals, and 31% of amphibians, according to a scientific paper published by The Society for Conservation Biology in 2015. Pandas are essential for forest health, and it is our collective responsibility to ensure their well-being.


National Panda Day serves as a reminder of the remarkable role pandas play in our natural world. While progress has been made, the conservation journey is ongoing. We must remain steadfast in protecting pandas and their environment to secure their long-term survival. By raising awareness, supporting conservation efforts, and advocating for the preservation of bamboo forests, we can create a future where these adorable, bamboo-munching bears continue to thrive and contribute to the vibrant ecosystems of China and the world. Let’s celebrate National Panda Day and join hands in safeguarding these precious creatures for generations to come.

https://nationaltoday.com/national-panda-day/

https://stmdailynews.com/category/stories-this-moment/

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The Unseen Power of Nature: Los Angeles River’s Dramatic Display

“Los Angeles River’s recent surge reminds us of nature’s might and the remarkable bravery of those who protect and serve.”

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Los Angeles, known for its bustling urban landscape and iconic landmarks, is also home to a hidden natural wonder—the Los Angeles River. While often overlooked, this river, meandering through concrete channels, reveals its formidable force during the rainy season, as recently witnessed in a remarkable turn of events.

By User2004 – Own work by the original uploader, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=855785

In a city where the river’s presence can be overshadowed by the urban sprawl, the recent events served as a powerful reminder of nature’s might. Fueled by an atmospheric river, the usually tranquil waterway transformed into a raging torrent, posing a threat to the flood-control infrastructure and prompting a dramatic rescue.

Amidst this dramatic transformation, a heartwarming yet perilous river rescue unfolded. A man, driven by instinctive bravery, leaped into the churning waters to save his beloved pet. Fortunately, the LA Fire Department swiftly intervened, showcasing the courage and skill of their helicopter crew as they executed a daring rescue, ultimately saving both the man and his loyal companion.

As the river surged, concerns mounted for the vulnerable homeless population residing along its banks. With encampments nestled among its shores, the deluge raised urgent alarms for their safety. First responders and swift-water rescue teams stood ready, highlighting the unwavering commitment to safeguarding every individual impacted by the river’s unpredictable temperament.

This recent episode serves as a poignant reminder of the intricate relationship between urban life and the forces of nature. It underscores the need for continued vigilance and preparedness, especially in a city where the convergence of urban living and natural elements can yield unexpected challenges.

The Los Angeles River’s surge, though brief, illuminates the significance of acknowledging and respecting the inherent power of nature. It also underscores the remarkable bravery and dedication of those who stand ready to protect and serve, even amidst the most formidable circumstances.

In the heart of a bustling metropolis, the Los Angeles River quietly flows, reminding us of the unseen forces that shape our world and the resilience of the human spirit in the face of nature’s awesome power.

Source: Associated Press

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https://apnews.com/article/california-storms-los-angeles-river-atmospheric-94e6ad39870432fedb5d0a2464ecc3c1

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