fbpx
Connect with us

Nature

Century-old coral reveals Pacific western boundary current strengthened as climate warmed, impacting El Niño

Like rings in a tree, isotopic signatures in coral reveal historical changes in ocean currents

Published

on

Credit: Xingchen (Tony) Wang
A diver collects a coral sample, illustrative of the process used by researchers in climate studies. One such sample was analyzed to reveal that during the past century, the western boundary current in the southern Pacific Ocean has intensified with global warming, a team of researchers reported recently in Nature Geoscience. The current plays a pivotal role in influencing weather patterns, including phenomena such as El Nino, which, having officially arrived in June 2023, may potentially set a new record for global average temperature.

Newswise — Chestnut Hill, Mass. – The Pacific Ocean’s western boundary current, which forms a critical regulator of sea surface temperature and weather patterns, has significantly strengthened as the planet warms, according to a new study published in the journal Nature Geoscience.

The study provides the first evidence that the western boundary current in the South Pacific has significantly strengthened during the 20th century in response to global warming, contributing to an intensified equatorial undercurrent, according to Boston College Assistant Professor of Earth and Environmental Sciences Xingchen (Tony) Wang, a co-author of the report.

Records drawn from coral samples also showed a pronounced recurring pattern of variable ocean-atmosphere climatic conditions – known as decadal oscillation – indicating that periods of enhanced western boundary current correspond to periods of increased sea surface temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific, according to report, prepared by Wang, National Taiwan University’s Haojia Ren and her team, and collaborators from Taiwan’s Academia Sinica, University of California, Berkeley, University of Texas at Austin, and Hawai’i Pacific University.

“This result confirms the significant role of the western boundary current in controlling the heat balance of the equatorial ocean, as predicted by climate models,” Wang said.

The team examined the historical clues embedded in century-old coral, probing the chemical components of tropical coral’s skeleton for data on environmental and climatological conditions in the past, much like examining the rings that mark the year-by-year development of trees. The study, titled “Increased tropical South Pacific western boundary current transport over the past century,” explored how global warming has led to the strengthening of the western boundary current in the South Pacific, which has had a significant effect on the broader global climate.

Wang said that the team set out to better understand how the western boundary current has changed as the climate has warmed. The ocean acts as the largest heat reservoir in the Earth’s climate system, Wang said.

“More than 90 percent of the global warming heat has been absorbed by the ocean,” Wang said. “The circulation of the ocean plays a key role in redistributing the ocean’s energy and in doing so, regulates global and regional climate. This means that the strengthening of the western boundary current has an effect on weather events that take place hundreds if not thousands of miles away.”

He added, “The tropical Western Pacific Ocean is the largest warm pool in the world. It is particularly important for a climate phenomena known as El Niño.”

The El Niño, as NOAA has officially declared its arrival in June, has been closely associated with increased flooding and rain across the Americas and the Pacific.

The western boundary current system in the tropical Pacific Ocean transports water into the equatorial region and regulates its sea surface temperature, influencing El Niño and La Niña activities. However, due to the limited availability of long-term observational data from satellites and instruments, it has been unclear whether the western boundary current is strengthening or weakening in the context of global warming, Wang said.

The researchers collected a century-long coral sample from the Solomon Sea and used a mass spectrometer to analyze the isotopic composition of nitrogen – namely the ratio of nitrogen-15 and nitrogen-14 – preserved in the coral sample, which served as a proxy for western boundary current changes, according to the report.

The coral records also showed a pronounced decadal oscillation, indicating that periods of enhanced western boundary current correspond to periods of increased sea surface temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific. 

Wang said the findings indicate that the continued strengthening of the western boundary current will keep playing a significant role in the global climate and the extreme weather events that have become increasingly common in the 21st century.

“We were a bit surprised that the western boundary current has indeed strengthened under global warming,” said Wang. “It implies that the western boundary current will continue to play an important role in regulating tropical and global climate in the future. For example, enhanced western boundary current might make it easier to develop strong El Niño events, such as the one we are currently experiencing.”

Wang said the next steps in this research will continue to use coral samples to study ocean circulation changes and how those changes interact with the climate system, both today and in the past.

Journal Link: Nature Geoscience

Source: Boston College

Want more stories 👋
"Your morning jolt of Inspiring & Interesting Stories!"

Sign up to receive awesome articles directly to your inbox.

We don’t spam! Read our privacy policy for more info.

Continue Reading
Advertisement Bully Sticks

Community

McCain Foods Delivers on Promise by Planting 18,000 Trees in Wisconsin

McCain Foods fulfills promise, planting 18,000 trees in Wisconsin, beautifying Plover and promoting sustainability. A true commitment to the environment and community. #McCainFoods #Sustainability

Published

on


In a heartwarming display of commitment to the environment and the Plover community, McCain Foods has fulfilled its promise by planting 18,000 trees throughout Wisconsin. This inspiring initiative was part of the company’s pledge to replace and increase the number of trees cut down for the expansion of their appetizer processing plant in Plover.

A group of volunteers planting trees in a park, representing McCain Foods' commitment to sustainability and community.
McCain Foods and the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources planted 18,000 new trees in Plover and surrounding communities last week. (prnewswire)

Ribbon-Cutting Ceremony:
Celebrating this remarkable achievement, McCain hosted a special ribbon-cutting ceremony in Plover last Friday. Howard Snape, the president of McCain Foods North America, expressed his pride in the company’s contribution. “With this initiative, McCain has added three times the number of trees we had to clear in Plover, beautifying the community while increasing its sustainability,” Snape shared. This event not only marked a milestone for McCain but also highlighted their dedication to fostering thriving communities.

Tree Planting Locations:
The 18,000 newly planted trees can be found in various locations, including the Douglas County Forest and throughout the Plover community. This carefully planned distribution ensures that the positive impact of the initiative is widespread. Local elementary schools, homes of growers, and the residences of McCain employees have all benefited from this sustainability effort. By incorporating trees into these areas, McCain aims to enhance the overall beauty and vitality of the community.

Commitment to Rural Areas:
With a network of 3,500 farmer partners worldwide, McCain has a significant presence in rural areas, often serving as the largest employer within those communities. The company values its role in creating sustainable livelihoods and fostering community development through donations, volunteering, and similar initiatives. The tree planting project is yet another testament to McCain’s dedication to these principles.

Sustainable Mission:
Sustainability lies at the core of McCain’s mission, as the company strives to celebrate real connections through delicious, planet-friendly foods. In line with global efforts to combat climate change, McCain has committed to reducing its emissions by 50% by 2030. This ambitious goal aligns with the international push to limit the rise in global temperatures to 1.5°C.

A Greener and More Sustainable Community:
McCain Foods’ tree planting initiative showcases the company’s dedication to the environment and the communities it serves. By fulfilling their promise and planting 18,000 trees, McCain has not only beautified Plover but has also helped create a greener and more sustainable community. This initiative reflects their ethos of promoting environmental stewardship, community engagement, and long-term sustainability.


McCain Foods’ commitment to replanting and increasing the number of trees cut down for their expansion project in Plover is truly commendable. By planting 18,000 trees throughout Wisconsin, they have not only fulfilled their promise but have also made a significant positive impact on the environment and the Plover community. McCain has once again demonstrated their dedication to sustainability, showcasing their determination to make a difference for future generations.

About McCain Foods USA
McCain Foods USA is a leading supplier of frozen potato and snack food products for the foodservice markets, retail grocery chains and private label brands in restaurants and supermarket freezers across the country. McCain Foods USA Inc., headquartered in Oakbrook Terrace, Illinois, employs 4,000 people and operates production facilities in Idaho, Maine, Nebraska, Washington and Wisconsin. https://www.mccainusafoodservice.com/

https://stmdailynews.com/category/the-bridge

Continue Reading

Daily News

The Resurgence of Tulare Lake: A Story of Resilience and Restoration

Rediscovery of Tulare Lake: A triumph of nature and indigenous resilience

Published

on

"Image: Aerial view of Tulare Lake, surrounded by greenery and mountains in the distance."
Tulare Lake. (2024, March 31). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulare_Lake

In the heart of California’s San Joaquin Valley lies a tale of nature’s resilience and the enduring spirit of indigenous communities. Tulare Lake, once the largest body of freshwater west of the Mississippi River, vanished from the landscape over a century ago, leaving behind a legacy of environmental and cultural upheaval. But now, in a stunning turn of events, the ancient lake has returned, bringing with it hope, healing, and a renewed sense of connection to the land.

For the Tachi Yokut Tribe, Tulare Lake, known as Pa’ashi, holds deep historical and cultural significance. It was not just a body of water but a lifeline, sustaining both people and wildlife for generations. However, the lake’s disappearance in 1898 marked the beginning of a dark chapter in the region’s history. Indigenous communities were persecuted and displaced, and the land was transformed for farming through draining and irrigation—a testament to the era’s deeply entrenched settler colonialism.

Despite periodic reappearances in the decades that followed, Tulare Lake remained largely absent from the landscape until the barrage of atmospheric rivers that flooded California in 2023. Against all odds, the lake returned, defying expectations and rekindling a sense of wonder among those who witnessed its resurgence. Now, once again stretching across the valley, Tulare Lake serves as a beacon of hope and a symbol of nature’s resilience.

The return of Tulare Lake has brought about a cascade of positive effects, both ecological and cultural. Native species have reclaimed their habitats, and migratory birds once again grace the skies above the Pacific Flyway. For the Tachi Yokut Tribe, the lake’s resurgence represents a return to ancestral lands and traditions. Ceremonies are once again held along its shores, and native plants are being reintroduced, signaling a renewed connection to the land and its natural rhythms.

However, the rejuvenation of Tulare Lake is not without its challenges. The floods have caused significant damage to crops, homes, and infrastructure, posing a dilemma for policymakers and residents alike. Yet, amidst the destruction, there is a growing consensus that Tulare Lake should be allowed to remain. Recognizing its importance as a vital component of the region’s ecosystem, there is a call for a paradigm shift in how we view and interact with the land.

Letting Tulare Lake remain could not only heal the Central Valley’s relationship with water but also serve as a model for ecological restoration and coexistence. As efforts to drain the lake continue, it is imperative that we consider the long-term implications and embrace a more holistic approach to land management—one that prioritizes sustainability, resilience, and respect for indigenous knowledge and stewardship.

In the words of Kenny Barrios, a cultural liaison for the Tachi Yokut Tribe, “The lake is just like us.” Resilient, enduring, and deeply connected to the land, Tulare Lake stands as a testament to the power of nature and the human spirit. As we embark on this journey of restoration and reconciliation, let us draw inspiration from the ancient waters that have returned to reclaim their rightful place in the landscape.

Tulare Lake, also known as Tache Lake in Yokuts language, is a freshwater lake located in the southern San Joaquin Valley, California, United States. It was historically the largest freshwater lake to the west of the Mississippi River. For thousands of years, from the Paleolithic era, Tulare Lake was a uniquely rich area that supported perhaps the largest population of Native Americans north of present-day Mexico.

In the latter half of the 19th century, Tulare Lake was drained by diverting its tributary rivers to support agricultural irrigation and municipal water usage. In contemporary times, it is typically a dry lakebed that features residual wetlands and marshes. The lake only reappears after episodes of unusually high rainfall or snowmelt, as it did in 1942, 1969, 1983, 1997, 1998, and 2023. (Wikipedia)

https://stmdailynews.com/category/science/

Continue Reading

Daily News

Celebrating National Panda Day: Conservation of Precious Bears

March 16 is National Panda Day – a celebration of these fluffy, bamboo-munching bears and a reminder to protect their environment. #PandaDay

Published

on


Every year on March 16th, we come together to celebrate National Panda Day, a delightful occasion dedicated to honoring China’s beloved bamboo-munching bears. As a source of national pride, pandas hold a special place in our hearts. With two subspecies, including the iconic Giant Panda and the smaller Qinling Panda, these magnificent creatures play an essential role in China’s unique ecosystem. While their population status has improved from endangered to vulnerable, we must remain committed to preserving pandas and their habitat. In this blog post, we will explore the significance of pandas, their conservation efforts, and the importance of safeguarding their environment.

The Significance of Pandas and their Habitat:
Pandas, particularly the Giant Panda, are revered for their fluffy black and white coats and captivating presence. These awe-inspiring animals are exclusive to the remote, mountainous regions of China. The Qinling Panda, a smaller brown subspecies, was discovered in the mountain ranges of southern Shaanxi Province in China in 1985. However, both subspecies have a crucial role to play in their respective ecosystems. Giant pandas, in particular, thrive on bamboo forests, spreading seeds as they roam and promoting the growth of new vegetation. This symbiotic relationship nurtures not only pandas but also benefits other wildlife and humans.

Endangered Status and Conservation Efforts:
While the panda population has shown some promising growth, there are still fewer than 2,000 pandas left in the wild due to various threats. Habitat loss, farming activities, fur hunting, and other factors have jeopardized their existence. To combat this, conservation organizations, including 27 zoos around the world, are actively working towards protecting giant pandas and creating environments conducive to reproduction. However, the most critical aspect of preserving pandas is the conservation of their natural environment, especially bamboo forests, which serve as their primary source of nutrition.

The History and Importance of National Panda Day:
The exact origin of National Panda Day remains unclear, but it is undoubtedly a day dedicated to spreading awareness and appreciating the beauty and significance of pandas. In 1961, the creation of the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) solidified the panda’s global conservation symbol. The panda’s inclusion in the WWF logo was quite fitting, as this animal represents both beauty and endangerment, garnering love from people worldwide. It has become an emblem for the conservation movement, calling upon individuals and nations to protect endangered species and preserve natural wildlife habitats.

Preserving Pandas and Their Ecosystem:
While pandas are now classified as vulnerable, the battle to protect them is far from over. The efforts of zoos, reforestation initiatives, and conservation campaigns have contributed to the positive change in their status. However, it is crucial to continue protecting their environment. Preservation of the giant panda’s natural habitat not only safeguards the bears themselves but also supports the survival of 70% of the country’s forest birds, 70% of mammals, and 31% of amphibians, according to a scientific paper published by The Society for Conservation Biology in 2015. Pandas are essential for forest health, and it is our collective responsibility to ensure their well-being.


National Panda Day serves as a reminder of the remarkable role pandas play in our natural world. While progress has been made, the conservation journey is ongoing. We must remain steadfast in protecting pandas and their environment to secure their long-term survival. By raising awareness, supporting conservation efforts, and advocating for the preservation of bamboo forests, we can create a future where these adorable, bamboo-munching bears continue to thrive and contribute to the vibrant ecosystems of China and the world. Let’s celebrate National Panda Day and join hands in safeguarding these precious creatures for generations to come.

https://nationaltoday.com/national-panda-day/

https://stmdailynews.com/category/stories-this-moment/

Continue Reading

Trending