Food and Beverage
Halloween candy binges can overload your gut microbiome – a gut doctor explains how to minimize spooking your helpful bacteria
Last Updated on October 29, 2026 by Daily News Staff
Christopher Damman, University of Washington
Each October, as the days shorten and the air grows crisp, millions of Americans prepare for the beloved – and often sugar-fueled – tradition of Halloween. From jack-o’-lanterns glowing on porches to costumes ranging from the whimsical to the gory, Halloween is a time of playful scares, childhood memories and, of course, candy.
But as the wrappers pile up and the sugar rush hits, there’s something far more sinister brewing beneath the surface: the negative effects of candy on your gut health.
Sugar and other ingredients in Halloween treats can cast a sickly spell on the trillions of microorganisms that reside in your gut, collectively known as the gut microbiome. As a gastroenterologist and gut microbiome researcher at the University of Washington School of Medicine, I have dedicated my career to decoding the cipher of how food affects this microbial community within your gut.
While no candy is truly healthy, some options are better for your gut than others. And there are ways you can help wake your gut from its sugar “spell” after holiday indulgence.
Gut-busting treats
What does all this candy do to your gut?
In a healthy state, your gut microbiome acts like a microbial factory. It digests nutrients your body can’t – such as fiber and colorful, health-conferring plant compounds called polyphenols – and produces important molecules called metabolites that protect against infection and support brain health. It also regulates metabolism, or the transformation of food into useful components that power and grow cells.
A balanced diet keeps your gut’s microbial cauldron churning smoothly. But the concentrated sugar, saturated fat and additives in candy can throw things into disarray by feeding inflammatory microbes that weaken your gut barrier – the protective lining that separates your microbiome from the rest of the body.
Once the gut barrier is breached, even friendly microbes can stir up inflammation, causing health issues ranging from overweight to obesity, infections to autoimmune disease, and mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s.
Sugar and inflammation impair your microbiome’s ability to digest food and regulate metabolism. Instead of producing healthy byproducts – such as butyrate from fiber and urolithin A from polyphenols – candy lacking these nutrients may trick your system into storing more fat, providing less energy for your muscles and brain.
Too much candy can also affect your immune system. A healthy gut microbiome helps your immune system distinguish between friend and foe, reducing the risk of infections and autoimmune disorders. Sugar and inflammation undermine the microbiome’s role in training the immune system to distinguish between harmful invaders and harmless substances. Without a carefully calibrated immune system, your body may not effectively clear infections or may strongly react to its own cells.
Neurologically, excess sweets can also affect the gut-brain axis, the two-way communication between the gut and brain. A healthy microbiome normally produces neurotransmitters and metabolites, such as serotonin and butyrate, that influence mood and cognitive performance. Sugar and inflammation adversely affects the microbiome’s role in mental health and cognitive function, contributing to depression, anxiety and memory troubles.
The candy conundrum
Not all Halloween treats are created equal, especially when it comes to their nutritional value and effects on gut health. Sugar-coated nuts and fruit such as honey-roasted almonds and candy apples rank among the top, offering whole food benefits just beneath the sugary coating. Packed with fiber and polyphenols, they help support gut health and healthy metabolism.
On the opposite end of the spectrum are chewy treats such as candy corn, Skittles, Starbursts and Twizzlers. These sugar-laden confections are mostly made of high fructose corn syrup, saturated fat and additives. They can increase the unsavory bacterial species in your gut and lead to inflammation, making them one of the least healthy Halloween choices.
Chocolate-based candies, however, stand out as a more microbiome-friendly option. While varieties such as Twix, Three Musketeers and Milky Way contain only a small amount of chocolate, pure chocolate bars – especially dark chocolate – are rich in fiber and polyphenols. In moderation, dark chocolate with at least 80% to 85% cacao may even benefit your gut microbiome and mood by encouraging beneficial bacterial species to grow.
Chocolates with whole nuts, such as almonds or peanuts, offer a boost of fiber, protein and omega-3 fats, making them a healthier choice. Dark chocolate with nuts is best. But when sorting through Halloween treats, Peanut M&Ms, 100 Grands and Almond Joys may be better options over Rolos, Krackels and Crunches. Even candies with processed nuts, such as Reese’s Peanut Butter Cups and Butterfingers, retain small amounts of fiber and protein, making them preferable to nut-free options.
At the bottom of the list, along with chewy sugar candies, are pure sugar candies such as lollipops, Jolly Ranchers, gummies and Smarties. These sweets lack nutritional value, and their high sugar content can contribute to the growth of unhealthy bacteria in your gut microbiome.
In the end, all candies are high in sugar, which can be harmful when consumed in large quantities. Moderation and an otherwise balanced diet is key to enjoying Halloween treats.
Rebalancing after indulgence
If the microbiome is critical for health, and candy can disrupt its balance, how can you restore gut health after Halloween?
One simple strategy is focusing on the four F’s of food: fiber, phytochemicals, unsaturated fats and fermented foods. These food components can help support gut health.
Fiber-rich foods such as whole grains, nuts, seeds, beans, fruits and vegetables regulate digestion and nourish beneficial gut bacteria.
Polyphenol-rich foods such as dark chocolate, berries, red grapes, green tea and extra virgin olive oil help reduce inflammation and encourage the growth of healthy gut bacteria.
Unsaturated fats such as omega-3 fats, walnuts, chia seeds, flaxseed, avocados and fatty fish such as salmon can also support a healthy microbiome.
Fermented foods such as sauerkraut, kimchi, yogurt, kefir and miso help replenish beneficial bacteria and restore gut balance.
To make tracking your diet easier, consider using a food calculator to measure how well your meals align with the four F’s and microbiome friendly options. Like a virtual “spellbook,” an online tool can help ensure your food choices support your gut health and ward off the effects of sugar overload.
As my daughters often remind me, it’s perfectly fine to indulge every now and then in a few tricks and treats. But remember, moderation is key. With a balanced diet, you’ll keep your gut healthy and strong long after the Halloween season ends.
Christopher Damman, Associate Professor of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of Washington
This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.
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recipes
Celebrate the Return of Fall with One-Pot Ratatouille Spaghetti
As the seasons change, you don’t have to overhaul all your meal plans immediately. Usher in the arrival of autumn with recipes like Ratatouille Spaghetti that blend fresh, summery produce with warm fall flavors.
Last Updated on November 13, 2026 by Daily News Staff
Celebrate the Return of Fall with One-Pot Ratatouille Spaghetti
(Feature Impact) As the seasons change, you don’t have to overhaul all your meal plans immediately. Usher in the arrival of autumn with recipes that blend fresh, summery produce with warm fall flavors.
This Ratatouille Spaghetti recipe is a perfect way to make the most of those last few harvests from the garden or trips to the farmer’s market. Create layers of rich flavor by taking your time with each vegetable – first browning the eggplant then softening the zucchini and tomatoes before adding flavorful aromatics like garlic and thyme to make the whole house smell delicious. The addition of chickpeas or cannellini beans boosts the protein and fiber in the meal, and you can use a high-protein or whole-grain pasta for even more nutrition.
The best part is, while this meal might taste gourmet, you can have it ready in less than an hour – and leave yourself with only one pot to wash afterwards. Even if it’s a school night, it only takes a few extra steps to make a spaghetti dinner feel a little fancier.
Discover more seasonal recipes at Culinary.net.
Ratatouille Spaghetti
Recipe adapted from Serious Eats
Total time: 50 minutes
Servings: 6
- 1/2 cup extra-virgin olive oil, divided
- 1 pound unpeeled eggplant, cut into 1-inch pieces
- 4 1/2 teaspoons kosher salt, divided
- 2 large zucchini, divided
- 1 small yellow onion, chopped
- 6 cloves garlic, finely minced
- 1 tablespoon chopped fresh thyme
- 1/2 teaspoon crushed red pepper flakes
- 1 can (12 ounces) chickpeas or cannellini beans, drained and rinsed
- 4 1/2 cups water
- 1 cup jarred tomato puree
- 12 ounces dried spaghetti
- 1 orange, yellow or red bell pepper, cut into 1-inch pieces
- 3 medium tomatoes, cut into 1/2-inch pieces
- 1 cup packed fresh basil leaves, roughly torn
- lemon juice, to taste
- In large Dutch oven or stovetop pot, heat 1/4 cup oil over medium heat until shimmering. Add eggplant and 1/2 teaspoon kosher salt; cook 8-12 minutes, stirring occasionally, until deeply browned and softened. Transfer to medium bowl and set aside. Wipe pot clean if remaining browned bits are starting to burn.
- Cut one zucchini into 1-inch pieces. In now-empty pot, heat remaining oil over medium heat until shimmering. Add zucchini pieces, onion and 1/2 teaspoon salt; cook about 6 minutes, stirring occasionally, until zucchini is browned and softened. Stir in garlic, thyme and red pepper; cook about 30 seconds, stirring constantly, until fragrant. Stir in reserved eggplant and chickpeas or cannellini beans.
- Add water, tomato puree and remaining salt to pot then bring to simmer over medium-high heat. Add spaghetti, reduce heat to medium-low, cover pot and cook about 8 minutes, stirring often to prevent sticking, until spaghetti is almost al dente.
- Cut remaining zucchini into 1/2-inch pieces. Add zucchini pieces and bell pepper to spaghetti and cook 6-8 minutes, covered, over medium-low heat, stirring often, until pasta is al dente and vegetables are tender. Stir in fresh tomatoes and basil; remove from heat.
- Divide evenly among six bowls. Finish with squeeze of lemon juice for extra brightness, to taste, and garnish with extra olive oil, basil and crushed red pepper, if desired.
Photo courtesy of Unsplash
SOURCE:
recipes
Talking Texture: Identifying a Key Snacking Trend
Identifying a Key Snacking Trend: From the first crunch or snap to a soft, chewy finish, snacking goes beyond flavor. It’s a full-body sensory experience, and texture can play an important role in turning an everyday bite into something worth slowing down to enjoy like Buffalo Spiced Snack Mix or Butterscotch Pretzel Cookies.
Talking Texture: Identifying a Key Snacking Trend
(Feature Impact) From the first crunch or snap to a soft, chewy finish, snacking goes beyond flavor. It’s a full-body sensory experience, and texture can play an important role in turning an everyday bite into something worth slowing down to enjoy.
According to the 2026 State of Snacking Report – a collaboration between Mondelēz International, Mintel and Black Swan Data – snacks are evolving beyond simply filling the space between meals. People are increasingly interested in truly indulging in the moment, no matter the occasion, and the survey revealed texture is of growing importance in that experience, quickly becoming one of the most craveable qualities in snacking.
Texture opens a new world of surprise and delight, creating contrast and a multisensory experience that rewards attention and keeps each bite interesting. Consider these ways snackers are prioritizing texture in their indulgences.
Never Settling for Just One Texture
Today’s snackers want everything: health and indulgence, nostalgia and novelty, convenience and connection. Texture can help bring them all together in snacks like Buffalo Spiced Snack Mix, creating variety from bite to bite. Peanuts, pretzels and raisins can be part of your new go-to, getting a spicy makeover with Buffalo sauce in this quick and easy treat.
Taking Snack Time Beyond the Crunch
While crunch is a classic snacking sensation, it’s far from the only texture consumers seek. Among U.S. consumers who buy crackers, 38% said texture is an important attribute, ranking second to flavor (52%).
Colliding Textures Make Magic
When soft meets crunchy or creamy complements crispy, you can explore an entirely new level of snacking satisfaction. Among U.S. cookie consumers, 55% pointed to texture as the most important attribute when purchasing cookies, suggesting they’re choosing not just between flavors but rather looking for crispy, chewy, soft-baked options and beyond. You can bring the inspiration of colliding textures to your own kitchen with these Butterscotch Pretzel Cookies, which pair crispy cookies with chewy brownies and crunchy pretzels for a complex yet complementary combination.
Find more snacking trends and texture insights by visiting StateOfSnacking.com.
Buffalo Spiced Snack Mix
Prep time: 15 minutes
Total time: 27 minutes
Servings: 18
- Nonstick cooking spray
- 1 package (8.1 ounces) RITZ Toasted Chips Original
- 1 cup lightly salted peanuts
- 1 cup miniature pretzel twists
- 1/4 cup Buffalo wing sauce
- 2 tablespoons honey
- 1 teaspoon ground cumin
- 1 cup raisins
- Heat oven to 375 F.
- Cover large, rimmed baking sheet with foil; spray with nonstick cooking spray.
- In large bowl, combine chips, peanuts and pretzels; set aside.
- In small bowl, mix wing sauce, honey and cumin until blended. Add to chips mixture; toss to evenly coat.
- Spread chips mixture onto prepared baking sheet.
- Bake 10-12 minutes, or until lightly toasted, stirring occasionally. Remove snack mix from oven; stir in raisins. Cool completely.
Butterscotch Pretzel Brownies
Prep time: 20 minutes
Total time: 55 minutes
Servings: 24
- Nonstick cooking spray
- 2 cups flour
- 1 teaspoon baking powder
- 1 cup butter, softened
- 1 1/2 cups packed brown sugar
- 2 eggs
- 1 teaspoon vanilla
- 12 CHIPS AHOY! Cookies, coarsely chopped, divided
- 1/2 cup butterscotch chips, divided
- 5 thin pretzel twists (2 1/4 inches), broken into 1-inch pieces
- Heat oven to 350 F.
- Line 13-by-9-inch baking pan with foil, extending ends of foil over sides; spray with nonstick cooking spray.
- Combine flour and baking powder.
- In large bowl, use mixer to beat butter and sugar until light and fluffy. Add eggs and vanilla; mix well. Gradually beat in flour mixture. Add six chopped cookies and 1/4 cup butterscotch chips; mix well.
- Spread batter evenly onto bottom of prepared pan.
- Top with pretzel pieces and remaining chopped cookies and butterscotch chips. Use back of spoon to partially press toppings into batter.
- Bake 35 minutes, or until toothpick inserted in center comes out with fudgy crumbs. Do not overbake. Cool completely.
- Use foil handles to remove dessert from pan before cutting into bars to serve.
SOURCE:
Mondelez International
Food
Separating a Good Steak from a Great One: Understanding How Cut and Preparation Make a Difference
Even frequent steak diners may not know exactly what separates one cut from another. Preparation matters too, and understanding those differences can make it easier to choose the steak that best fits your taste.
Separating a Good Steak from a Great One: Understanding How Cut and Preparation Make a Difference
(Feature Impact) Even frequent steak diners may not know exactly what separates one cut from another. The cut is simply the section of beef the steak comes from, and it helps shape tenderness, marbling and flavor. Preparation matters too, and understanding those differences can make it easier to choose the steak that best fits your taste.
Watch this to find out more:
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“When you’re looking for a great steak, it’s really all about the details,” said chef Efrem Cutler, chief steak officer for Outback Steakhouse. “It starts with quality beef and our longstanding sourcing standards. We’ve built on what we already do well across our steak lineup, from center-cut sirloin to ribeye, with even more focus on hand-trimming, seasoning, preparation and training. When you bring all of that together, you get a steak that’s tender, juicy and packed with flavor.”
Still, many diners aren’t sure which cut is right for them. Just 41% of Americans said they’re confident in their knowledge of different steak cuts, according to Outback Steakhouse’s Modern Steakhouse Survey.
If you want big, bold flavor, Cutler recommends a ribeye. For something incredibly tender, opt for the filet mignon. For a balance of flavor and tenderness, try a New York strip.
“Understanding the differences between cuts can make ordering easier,” Cutler said. “We want guests to feel confident choosing the steak that fits their taste.”
With its Best Steaks Ever lineup of hand-selected, hand-trimmed, perfectly seasoned and expertly seared steaks, including the new Down Under Delmonico Ribeye and New York strip, alongside Victoria’s barrel-cut filet mignon, center-cut sirloin and Rockhampton ribeye, guests can find the cut and flavor profile they crave.
Visit outback.com/steak to learn more and find a location near you.
SOURCE:
Outback Steakhouse
