The 1970s prime-time television series “Emergency!” was an action-packed drama that followed the daily lives of courageous firefighters and paramedics in Los Angeles County. The show, which aired from 1972 to 1979, was praised not only for its gripping storylines and character development but also for its realistic portrayal of the emergency services industry. It provided a compelling look into the challenges and triumphs faced by first responders, highlighting their incredible dedication and heroism in the face of danger.

The Origin of Emergency!

The show was spun off from the original series “Adam-12,” which was also set in Los Angeles and followed the lives of two police officers. “Emergency!” took the same approach but shifted its focus to the lives of firefighters and paramedics. This innovative show was created by Robert A. Cinader and Jack Webb, the latter also known for producing “Adam-12” and “Dragnet.”

At the heart of “Emergency!” was its talented cast, led by Randolph Mantooth, who portrayed firefighter and paramedic John Gage. Mantooth’s charismatic performance was complemented by Kevin Tighe, who played his reliable partner Roy DeSoto. The ensemble cast also included Julie London, who breathed life into nurse Dixie McCall; Bobby Troup, who played the compassionate Dr. Joe Early; and Robert Fuller, who took on the role of the authoritative Dr. Kelly Brackett.

One of the show’s standout features was its commitment to authenticity. It was praised for its accurate portrayal of the emergency services industry, an effort bolstered by the involvement of real-life firefighters and paramedics serving as technical advisors. This attention to detail extended to the use of actual emergency vehicles and equipment, earning the show a loyal following of industry professionals and curious viewers alike.

“Emergency!” was known for its gripping action scenes, which often involved realistic special effects that depicted explosions, fires, and other dangerous situations. The show’s excitement wasn’t limited to physical dangers; it also tackled significant social issues of the time, such as drug abuse, mental health, and domestic violence. This made “Emergency!” a groundbreaking program that addressed topics other shows of the era often shied away from.

Despite its success, “Emergency!” was canceled in 1979 after seven impactful seasons. However, its legacy persisted. The show paved the way for subsequent action-packed dramas, such as “CHiPs” and “Miami Vice,” and it inspired a new generation of viewers to pursue careers in emergency services. The influence of “Emergency!” is also seen in modern medical dramas like “ER” and “Grey’s Anatomy,” which continue to blend high-stakes action with personal and social issues.

In retrospect, “Emergency!” not only entertained millions but also educated the public about the critical work of emergency responders and healthcare professionals, leaving a lasting impact on both television and real-world perceptions of these vital services.

Emergency! was a groundbreaking television series that meticulously followed the daily lives and challenges of firefighters and paramedics in Los Angeles County. The show was universally praised for its realistic portrayal of the emergency services industry, as well as for its thrilling and hair-raising action scenes. The cast was spearheaded by the talented Randolph Mantooth and Kevin Tighe, who delivered compelling performances that were both heartfelt and authentic. They were joined by a stellar supporting cast, including Julie London, Bobby Troup, and Robert Fuller, each bringing their unique charisma and depth to the show. Emergency! was initially spun off from the original series Adam-12, yet it carved out its own significant legacy, leaving an indelible mark on the television industry. More than just entertainment, the series brought public attention to the vital and courageous work of emergency responders, inspiring many to pursue careers in this essential field.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency!

https://stmdailynews.com/category/entertainment/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Fire_Department

3D printing will help space pioneers make homes, tools and other stuff they need to colonize the Moon and Mars

Sven Bilén, Penn State

Throughout history, when pioneers set out across uncharted territory to settle in distant lands, they carried with them only the essentials: tools, seeds and clothing. Anything else would have to come from their new environment.

So they built shelter from local timber, rocks and sod; foraged for food and cultivated the soil beneath their feet; and fabricated tools from whatever they could scrounge up. It was difficult, but ultimately the successful ones made everything they needed to survive.

Something similar will take place when humanity leaves Earth for destinations such as the Moon and Mars – although astronauts will face even greater challenges than, for example, the Vikings did when they reached Greenland and Newfoundland. Not only will the astronauts have limited supplies and the need to live off the land; they won’t even be able to breathe the air.

Instead of axes and plows, however, today’s space pioneers will bring 3D printers. As an engineer and professor who is developing technologies to extend the human presence beyond Earth, I focus my work and research on these remarkable machines.

3D printers will make the tools, structures and habitats space pioneers need to survive in a hostile alien environment. They will enable long-term human presence on the Moon and Mars.

From hammers to habitats

On Earth, 3D printing can fabricate, layer by layer, thousands of things, from replacement hips to hammers to homes. These devices take raw materials, such as plastic, concrete or metal, and deposit it on a computerized programmed path to build a part. It’s often called “additive manufacturing,” because you keep adding material to make the part, rather than removing material, as is done in conventional machining.

Already, 3D printing in space is underway. On the International Space Station, astronauts use 3D printers to make tools and spare parts, such as ratchet wrenches, clamps and brackets. Depending on the part, printing time can take from around 30 minutes to several hours.

For now, the print materials are mostly hauled up from Earth. But NASA has also begun recycling some of those materials, such as waste plastic, to make new parts with the Refabricator, an advanced 3D printer installed in 2019.

Manufacturing in space

You may be wondering why space explorers can’t simply bring everything they need with them. After all, that’s how the International Space Station was built decades ago – by hauling tons of prefabricated components from Earth.

But that’s impractical for building habitats on other worlds. Launching materials into space is incredibly expensive. Right now, every pound launched aboard a rocket just to get to low Earth orbit costs thousands of dollars. To get materials to the Moon, NASA estimates the initial cost at around US$500,000 per pound.

Still, manufacturing things in space is a challenge. In the microgravity of space, or the reduced gravity of the Moon or Mars, materials behave differently than they do on Earth. Decrease or remove gravity, and materials cool and recrystallize differently. The Moon has one-sixth the gravity of Earth; Mars, about two-fifths. Engineers and scientists are working now to adapt 3D printers to function in these conditions.

Using otherworldly soil

On alien worlds, rather than plastic or metal, 3D printers will use the natural resources found in these environments. But finding the right raw materials is not easy. Habitats on the Moon and Mars must protect astronauts from the lack of air, extreme temperatures, micrometeorite impacts and radiation.

Regolith, the fine, dusty, sandlike particles that cover both the lunar and Martian surfaces, could be a primary ingredient to make these dwellings. Think of the regolith on both worlds as alien dirt – unlike Earth soil, it contains few nutrients, and as far as we know, no living organisms. But it might be a good raw material for 3D printing.

My colleagues began researching this possibility by first examining how regular cement behaves in space. I am now joining them to develop techniques for turning regolith into a printable material and to eventually test these on the Moon.

But obtaining otherworldly regolith is a problem. The regolith samples returned from the Moon during the Apollo missions in the 1960s and 70s are precious, difficult if not impossible to access for research purposes. So scientists are using regolith simulants to test ideas. Actual regolith may react quite differently than our simulants. We just don’t know.

What’s more, the regolith on the Moon is very different from what’s found on Mars. Martian regolith contains iron oxide –that’s what gives it a reddish color – but Moon regolith is mostly silicates; it’s much finer and more angular. Researchers will need to learn how to use both types in a 3D printer. https://www.youtube.com/embed/J1TWlNWHrsw?wmode=transparent&start=0 See models of otherworldly habitats.

Applications on Earth

NASA’s Moon-to-Mars Planetary Autonomous Construction Technology program, also known as MMPACT, is advancing the technology needed to print these habitats on alien worlds.

Among the approaches scientists are now exploring: a regolith-based concrete made in part from surface ice; melting the regolith at high temperatures, and then using molds to form it while it’s a liquid; and sintering, which means heating the regolith with concentrated sunlight, lasers or microwaves to fuse particles together without the need for binders.

Along those lines, my colleagues and I developed a Martian concrete we call MarsCrete, a material we used to 3D-print a small test structure for NASA in 2017.

Then, in May 2019, using another type of special concrete, we 3D-printed a one-third scale prototype Mars habitat that could support everything astronauts would need for long-term survival, including living, sleeping, research and food-production modules.

That prototype showcased the potential, and the challenges, of building housing on the red planet. But many of these technologies will benefit people on Earth too.

In the same way astronauts will make sustainable products from natural resources, homebuilders could make concretes from binders and aggregates found locally, and maybe even from recycled construction debris. Engineers are already adapting the techniques that could print Martian habitats to address housing shortages here at home. Indeed, 3D-printed homes are already on the market.

Meanwhile, the move continues toward establishing a human presence outside the Earth. Artemis III, now scheduled for liftoff in 2027, will be the first human Moon landing since 1972. A NASA trip to Mars could happen as early as 2035.

But wherever people go, and whenever they get there, I’m certain that 3D printers will be one of the primary tools to let human beings live off alien land.

Sven Bilén, Professor of Engineering Design, Electrical Engineering and Aerospace Engineering, Penn State

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

 

(Family Features) Tax refunds have started rolling in, which means many people are looking to use this influx of cash to make purchases they’ve been putting off. According to an Oxford Economics report, the amount of money received from income tax refunds this year could be among the highest in recent years, so many people may have more money in their pockets to spend this spring. One purchase typically rises to the top this time of year: used vehicles. The Oxford report shows used vehicles are one of the most popular purchases for Americans during tax refund time as this coincides with higher resale values of used vehicles. When making this purchase, it’s important to consider several factors to make a smart financial decision. Make Sure the Purchase Fits Within Your Budget Data from Kelley Blue Book and Cox Automotive suggests average used car prices are around 50% less than new vehicle prices. Trusted used car companies and dealerships often feature a wide selection of inventory, including different makes and models, so customers can select a vehicle that excites them and fits within their budget. “While there are several considerations to keep in mind when shopping for a vehicle, consumers should never exceed their budget,” said Laura D. Adams, personal finance expert, host of the “Money Girl” podcast and a paid Enterprise Car Sales spokesperson. “A vehicle that is near new is often an excellent sweet spot for consumers looking for quality without wanting to make the leap to purchase an expensive, new vehicle.” Searching for a vehicle with a retailer you trust can help make it easy to stay within your budget. For example, with Enterprise Car Sales, the price listed is the price you’ll pay. Keep the Monthly Payment Low The more you can invest in the down payment on a vehicle, the lower your monthly cost will typically be and the less interest you will typically pay over the length of the loan. This can lead to lower, more manageable monthly payments. “In setting a budget for a quality used vehicle, it’s important to consider the initial down payment, the monthly payments, and the interest,” Adams said. “When consumers can put a little more toward the initial down payment, while staying within budget, they often thank themselves later when they have lower monthly payments and less interest accrued.” There are many online resources that can help consumers make this calculation. For example, an auto loan calculator can show you how a down payment can affect interest charges. Purchase a Reliable Vehicle No matter who you buy from, ensuring you are purchasing a high-quality, reliable vehicle is of the utmost importance. Do your research before signing on the dotted line and conduct a test drive if you can. “When conducting your search, it’s important to put companies and dealerships you trust at the top of your list,” Adams said. “Maintenance costs can sometimes creep up down the road, so it’s important to make this significant purchase from a company or dealership you trust.” Some dealers also provide additional benefits to help protect a purchase. For example, all vehicles purchased through Enterprise Car Sales are “Enterprise Certified,” pass a rigorous inspection by ASE-certified technicians and come with a 12-month or 12,000-mile limited powertrain warranty (whichever occurs first), 12 months of roadside assistance and a 7-day or 1,000-mile (whichever occurs first) buyback policy. With a little research and careful planning, you can find a reliable used vehicle that excites you. Visit enterprisecarsales.com for more information.   SOURCE: Enterprise Car Sales

Groundbreaking for a Sustainable Future: LA Metro’s Southeast Gateway Line Light Rail Project

Groundbreaking for a Sustainable Future: LA Metro’s Southeast Gateway Line Light Rail Project