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University Receives $5 Million from U.S. Army Research Office to Combat Adversarial Information Campaigns

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Newswise — Dr. Nitin Agarwal, founding director of the Collaboration for Social Media and Online Behavioral Studies (COSMOS) Research Center at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock, has received $5 million from the Army Research Office to evaluate and defend against emerging cognitive threats.

The Army Research Office is a directorate of the U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Army Research Laboratory.

The project, set to run through 2025, aims to identify research gaps in deviant socio-technical behaviors, shape an agenda focused on developing strategies that can counter emerging threats, and create tools for near real-time analysis of such threats. 

“Narratives on social media could be easily weaponized and propagated at frighteningly fast speeds,” Agarwal said. “Such insidious threats that attempt to influence beliefs and behaviors need to be considered as modern weapons of cognitive hijacking. We need to develop scientific approaches to combat these emerging threats in a global context, equip our warfighters with these capabilities, and strengthen community resiliency.”

Agarwal, Jerry L. Maulden-Entergy Endowed Chair and Distinguished Professor in the Department of Information Science, says these threats are increasingly flash mob-type events, where groups self-organize and coordinate in cyberspace, then disperse. Coordinated cognitive attacks can cause stock market frenzy, violent protests, highly coordinated cyberattacks on public infrastructure, for instance. To an outsider such acts may look arbitrary, however intense coordination happens in the background. 

“Given the evolving technological landscape and increasing complexity of cognitive attacks, research is warranted to develop multidisciplinary and theoretically grounded capabilities to evaluate emerging socio-cognitive threats that can serve the needs of our military at strategic, tactical, and operational levels,” Agarwal said.

U.S. Sen. John Boozman is a strong advocate for basic and applied research at UA Little Rock.

“The evolving nature of social media and the changing tactics our adversaries use to spread misinformation requires us to develop a strategy to respond,” Sen. Boozman said. “Dr. Agarwal’s research will help create critical tools to combat bad actors on these platforms. I’m proud to support Arkansas’s role in advancing solutions to counter cyber threats.”

“We are extremely grateful to the Army Research Office, UA Little Rock leadership and U.S. Sen. John Boozman for championing this vital research,” Agarwal added. “It helps position the COSMOS Research Center at the forefront of developing capabilities to combat cognitive threats. The investment will help put these capabilities in the hands of our warfighters to ultimately strengthen our national defense and security apparatus.”

When narratives rapidly evolve in an unchecked online environment, the results can be dangerous. State and non-state actors, alike, can use social media platforms to amplify certain narratives and sway public opinion in their favor. Some of Agarwal’s previous research has shown how YouTube’s algorithms can be manipulated to promote positive content about China while crushing negative news like human rights violations against Uyghur minorities in western China, or how the terrorist organization, Islamic State, uses bots to recruit members and for propaganda campaigns.

“There are many popular shows about the use of forensics to solve physical crimes. Somewhat similarly, Dr. Agarwal uses social cyber forensics to determine the sources of scams and influence campaigns, some of which threaten our country and its allies,” said Dr. Lawrence Whitman, dean of the Donaghey College of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math. “He works closely with the Army to apply the methods and tools his team has developed to make us all safer. It’s great to have Dr. Agarwal working on these threats, and we are grateful to have this partnership with the Army Research Office.”

Agarwal’s research team investigates governments, groups, and individuals who use advanced communication tactics to orchestrate sophisticated cognitive attack campaigns through a variety of existing and emerging social media platforms, particularly multimedia-rich platforms. 

U.S. defense groups are interested in the work because it helps to identify how adversaries are promoting certain narratives via social media, how such narratives resonate with the target audience, and how those narratives can be combated. Training exercises will be conducted to enhance the U.S. workforce with skills in big data analytics, data management, machine learning, and artificial intelligence with applications in security. 

The award will provide support for high-speed computational servers that are necessary to support the processing of large volumes of multimodality data, which includes text, image, video, audio, reach, engagement, metadata, and interactions. It is also expected to fund around 15 student research positions, several postdoctoral research fellowships, and data engineer positions.

“The funds will help create exciting opportunities for our students and research staff by exposing them to real world problems and stimulating them to develop science-based solutions,” Agarwal said. 

This research was sponsored by the Army Research Office and was accomplished under Grant Number W911NF-23-1-0011. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Army Research Office or the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation herein.

Source: University of Arkansas at Little Rock

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Urbanism

Exploring the Debate: Is a Policing Surge the Answer to L.A.’s Transit Safety Concerns?

Is a policing surge the solution to L.A.’s transit safety concerns? It’s a complex debate with proponents and transit advocates offering differing viewpoints.

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An image showing a Metro train in Los Angeles with transit police officers patrolling the station, ensuring safety and security for passengers.
Los Angeles Metro Rail. (2024, May 6). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_Metro_Rail

Policing Surge?
Recent safety concerns surrounding L.A. County’s transit system have prompted city leaders to announce a surge in law enforcement personnel to tackle the increasing violence on buses and trains. While some view this move as a necessary step to address growing public safety fears, others argue that relying solely on armed officers might not be the most effective solution. This blog post will explore both perspectives and examine the wider debate surrounding transit safety in Los Angeles.

https://www.facebook.com/losangelesmetro/videos/7248836475225719

  1. Understanding the Numbers:
    Data indicates that violent crime rates on the transit system have decreased by almost 35% from March 2023 to March 2024. However, crimes categorized as “Crimes against Society” such as trespassing, drug use, and possession of illegal weapons, have increased by over 160%. These figures shed light on the ongoing tension between media coverage of transit violence and the overall safety trends.
  2. Read the LA Metro report here: https://boardagendas.metro.net/board-report/2024-0221
  3. The Perspective of Policing Supporters:
    Proponents of the policing surge argue that more armed officers will enhance public safety and deter potential criminals. They contend that the visible presence of law enforcement personnel will create a sense of security among passengers and drivers. Additionally, some emphasize the necessity of law enforcement involvement to maintain order in an increasingly violent environment.
  4. Critics from Transit Advocates:
    Opponents of excessive reliance on armed policing for transit safety argue that the approach is a flawed one. A coalition called the Alliance for Community Transit-Los Angeles (ACT-LA) advocates for investment in alternatives, such as affordable housing and improved access to public transit. They highlight that violence on the transit system has been decreasing and emphasize the importance of addressing root causes of crime, such as homelessness and mental health, through community-based solutions.
  5. Exploring Alternatives:
    Transit advocates suggest that Metro should make greater use of their unarmed transit ambassadors, who have been positively received by passengers and contribute to a sense of safety. These ambassadors, dressed in distinctive green shirts, provide assistance and support to riders, helping to prevent incidents and maintain a welcoming environment. Additionally, increasing outreach programs focusing on homelessness and mental health could also make a significant impact on safety within the transit system.

Balancing public perception of crime with actual crime statistics is a complex challenge in addressing transit safety concerns. While a policing surge may provide short-term relief and may be reassuring for some passengers, exploring alternative strategies that address the root issues underlying crime will likely result in more long-lasting improvements. By investing in community-driven solutions, such as affordable housing and support for vulnerable populations, L.A.’s transit system can take a holistic approach to safety, ensuring that all passengers feel secure and comfortable while using public transportation.

Source: LA Metro

https://stmdailynews.com/category/the-bridge/urbanism

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Daily News

Blue Origin’s NS-25 Mission: Launch Date Set and Historic Inclusion of First Black Astronaut Candidate

Blue Origin’s NS-25 Mission: Historic launch date set with America’s first Black astronaut candidate onboard. Stay tuned for details!

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New Shepard’s Crewed NS-25 Mission Targets Liftoff on May 19
Blue Origin announced today its seventh human flight, NS-25, will lift off from Launch Site One in West Texas on Sunday, May 19. The launch window opens at 8:30 AM CDT / 1330 UTC. The webcast on BlueOrigin.com will start at T-40 minutes.

"Blue Origin's NS-25 mission launch featuring America's first Black astronaut candidate and a diverse crew."
NS-25 mission patch

Additionally, Blue Origin released the NS-25 mission patch. A few of the symbols embedded include:

The Gemini spacecraft represents Ed Dwight’s aerospace training era. The hand lifting the crew capsule is a nod to his extensive artwork.

The sunrise represents Mason Angel and Carol Schaller’s desire to experience the overview effect.

The mountains symbolize Carol Schaller, Gopi Thotakura, and Sylvain Chiron’s passion for climbing and skiing.

The crew capsule’s leaf design reflects the groundbreaking family heritage software Kenneth L. Hess developed.

"Blue Origin's NS-25 mission launch featuring America's first Black astronaut candidate and a diverse crew."

NS-25 Mission Crew


New Shepard’s 25th Mission Includes America’s First Black Astronaut Candidate
April 4, 2024

Blue Origin today revealed the six-person crew flying on its NS-25 mission. The crew includes Mason Angel, Sylvain Chiron, Kenneth L. Hess, Carol Schaller, Gopi Thotakura, and former Air Force Captain Ed Dwight, who was selected by President John F. Kennedy in 1961 as the nation’s first Black astronaut candidate but was never granted the opportunity to fly to space.
Meet the Crew
Ed Dwight

In 1961, Ed was chosen by President John F. Kennedy to enter training at the Aerospace Research Pilot School (ARPS), an elite U.S. Air Force flight training program known as a pathway for entering the NASA Astronaut Corps. In 1963, after successfully completing the ARPS program, Ed was recommended by the U.S. Air Force for the NASA Astronaut Corps but ultimately was not among those selected. He entered private life in 1966 and spent a decade as an entrepreneur before dedicating his life’s work to using sculpture as a medium to tell the story of Black history. He’s spent the last five decades creating large-scale monuments of iconic Black figures, including Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Frederick Douglass, and Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad, among many others. His more than 130 public works are installed in museums and public spaces across the U.S. and Canada. Ed was born in 1933 and raised in Kansas City, KS.

Ed’s seat is sponsored by Space for Humanity, a nonprofit changing global perspectives by democratizing access to space for all of humanity, with additional support from the Jaison and Jamie Robinson Foundation.

Mason Angel

Mason is the founder of Industrious Ventures, a venture capital fund supporting early-stage companies that enable or progress new industrial revolutions. Mason is an active member in his family’s foundation and will use this mission to inspire children and advance partnerships with nonprofits focused on STEM in early education. He spends his free time skiing or hiking in the Rocky Mountains and can often be found with his dog Leo, named for low Earth orbit.

Sylvain Chiron

Sylvain is the founder of the Brasserie Mont Blanc, one of the largest craft breweries in France. Sylvain was born in the French Alps and is a lifelong aviator and skier. He earned his pilot’s license at age 16. After spending several summers in Florida taking additional flying lessons and watching Space Shuttle launches, Sylvain entered mandatory service in the French military, where he served as a ski instructor for the French Air Force and NATO pilots. Following the military, he pursued an international MBA at Temple University and moved to Tokyo to study business in Japan. Sylvain and his family are based in Savoy, France, where he’s also involved in philanthropy focused on children’s education and nature preservation.

Kenneth L. Hess

Ken is a software engineer and entrepreneur who shaped today’s technology-based family history industry when he developed the Family Tree Maker product line in the 1990s. The company was acquired by Ancestry.com in 2003. In 2001, Ken gave back by founding Science Buddies, a K-12 nonprofit created to level the playing field and improve STEM literacy by inspiring students through free, personalized, hands-on projects in all areas of science, including space exploration. Science Buddies has reached one-quarter billion users. Ken’s lifelong passion for space exploration is in his DNA, with numerous early American pioneers in his mother’s lineage and many engineers and technicians in his father’s.

Carol Schaller

Carol is a retired CPA. In 2017, her doctor told her she would likely go blind. She has since traveled to 25 countries around the world, visited Mount Everest Base Camp, trekked to the Bwindi Impenetrable Forest of Uganda to see mountain gorillas, visited the South Pole, and camped in a tent in the desolate Antarctic plain at -20 degrees. Seeing Earth’s thin layer of atmosphere in the blackness of space will fulfill a lifelong dream. Carol and her husband of 40 years live on a farm in Lumberville, PA, with a view of the stars, two cows, 100 chickens, a dog, and a dancing parrot.

Gopi Thotakura

Gopi is a pilot and aviator who learned how to fly before he could drive. He’s co-founder of Preserve Life Corp, a global center for holistic wellness and applied health located near Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. In addition to flying jets commercially, Gopi pilots bush, aerobatic, and seaplanes, as well as gliders and hot air balloons, and has served as an international medical jet pilot. A lifelong traveler, his most recent adventure took him to the summit of Mt. Kilimanjaro. Gopi is a graduate of Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University.

Each astronaut will carry a postcard to space on behalf of Blue Origin’s foundation, Club for the Future. This program gives students access to space on Blue Origin’s rockets, including an all-digital method to create and send postcards, which can be found here. The Club’s mission is to inspire and mobilize future generations to pursue careers in STEAM for the benefit of Earth.

From an environmental standpoint, nearly 99% of New Shepard’s dry mass is reused, including the booster, capsule, engine, landing gear, and parachutes. New Shepard’s engine is fueled by highly efficient liquid oxygen and hydrogen. During flight, the only byproduct is water vapor with no carbon emissions.

The flight date will be announced soon.

https://www.blueorigin.com/news/new-shepard-ns-25-mission-announcement

Follow Blue Origin on XInstagramFacebookLinkedInThreads, and YouTube, and sign up on BlueOrigin.com to stay current on all mission details. 

About Blue Origin

Blue Origin is a private aerospace company founded by Jeff Bezos in 2000. With its headquarters in Kent, Washington, Blue Origin aims to make space travel more accessible and sustainable. The company’s mission is centered around developing technologies to enable human colonization of space and to protect the Earth by shifting heavy industry to space.

Source: Blue Origin

https://stmdailynews.com/category/science

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Lifestyle

VISTA RESIDENTIAL PARTNERS RECEIVES CITY OF PALM BEACH GARDENS APPROVAL FOR NEW LUXURY 221 UNIT MULTIFAMILY DEVELOPMENT

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PALM BEACH GARDENS, Fla., April 12, 2024 /PRNewswire/ — On April 4, 2024, Vista Residential Partners, a national multifamily development firm headquartered in Atlanta, GA received City of Palm Beach Gardens, Fla., approval for luxury 221-unit multifamily development, to be known as Gardens Vista Apartments.  

Located at the intersection of Central and Victoria Falls Boulevards, Gardens Vista will sit on 16 acres of the more than 50-acre tract of land known as Cimarron Cove. The community is in the heart of Palm Beach Gardens and lies within 0.5 miles of I-95, and less than 1.5 miles from PGA Blvd and Gardens Mall.

The Mediterranean-style complex will include 131 one-bedroom, 72 two-bedroom, and 18 three-bedroom apartments. Community amenities feature two pickleball courts, resort style swimming pool, more than one acre of walking trails, spacious gym, interactive game room, golf simulators, co-working space, 24/7 package concierge, vehicle charging stations, and a dog park. Designed by Niles Bolton Associates, the apartments will include stainless steel appliances, 9-foot ceilings, wood plank flooring, in-unit washer and dryers, and much more.Vista has agreed to include 10% of its units to comply with the City’s workforce housing requirement. This aligns with Vista’s corporate commitment to provide workforce housing with attainable rents for those who want to live, work, and play in a well-planned community with modern units and top of the line amenities. According to Vista’s CEO, Eduardo de Guardiola, the approval is the culmination of a two year effort and collaboration between Vista and its consultants, which include Urban Design Studio, Kimley Horn & Associates, Niles Bolton Architects, all of whom worked extensively and alongside the City’s Planning and Zoning Staff to create a development plan that won unanimous approval from the City’s staff and City Council, as well as its neighboring homeowner association.About Vista Residential Partners: Vista Residential Partners was founded in 2000 by Eduardo de Guardiola, an industry veteran with over 30 years of experience in multifamily investments. Headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, Vista Residential Partners has 9 regional offices nationwide with a focus on the acquisition, development, and construction of multifamily and mixed-use communities. Its development pipeline consists of over 5,500 units nationwide, having an aggregate value in excess of $1.5 Billion Dollars.

SOURCE Vista Residential Partners

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