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5 pasos para una diversión segura bajo el sol de verano

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(Family Features) Con una gran cantidad de actividades disponibles durante los meses de verano, desde natación y caminatas hasta deportes organizados y juegos espontáneos en el jardín, la luz del sol conduce a la diversión en casi todas partes. Es importante tener en cuenta algunas precauciones de seguridad para ayudar a disfrutar esos momentos al máximo, ya sea que la diversión de su familia tenga lugar cerca del agua, en el estadio de béisbol o en el vecindario.

Considere este consejo de los expertos de la American Heart Association para un verano seguro.

Manténgase hidratado
16673 detail image embed1Los meses calurosos y húmedos conducen a realizar más actividades al aire libre donde las temperaturas cálidas pueden provocar sudoración y pérdida de líquidos y electrolitos. Mantener el cuerpo hidratado es importante para un funcionamiento óptimo, especialmente bajo el calor. Lleve consigo botellas y recipientes de agua recargables para asegurarse de beber mucha agua cuando el verano llama a la diversión en cualquier lugar. Además de beber mucha agua, puede complementar la alimentación comiendo alimentos con alto contenido de agua como melones, lechuga y pepinos. Esté atento a los signos y síntomas de deshidratación leve, que incluyen boca seca o pegajosa, dolor de cabeza, calambres musculares, fatiga o disminución de la micción. Los casos más graves pueden incluir náuseas o vómitos, confusión, mareos, latidos del corazón rápidos o irregulares, respiración rápida, convulsiones o pérdida del conocimiento.

Mantenga la piel saludable
Se debe comenzar a tomar medidas para proteger la piel antes de exponerse al sol, ya que puede ser fácil quedar atrapado en las alegrías del verano y olvidarse de esos rayos dañinos. Evitar pasar tiempo al aire libre en las horas del mediodía ayuda a limitar la exposición, pero también puede no ser una realidad para familias ocupadas con eventos deportivos, compromisos para ir a la piscina y más. El uso de protector solar puede ayudar a reducir el riesgo de quemaduras solares, cáncer de piel y aparición temprana de arrugas; los expertos recomiendan usar un factor de protección solar (SPF, por sus siglas en inglés) 30 o superior al menos 30 minutos antes de salir al sol y volver a aplicar al menos cada dos horas durante largos días al aire libre. También considere usar ropa que proteja la piel, como anteojos de sol, un sombrero de ala ancha y camisas de manga larga y pantalones ligeros.

Aprenda a realizar la RCP
Con el verano llega el descanso, la relajación y la diversión, pero también puede traer un mayor riesgo al pasar más tiempo bajo el calor y cerca del agua. Un promedio de 33 ahogamientos
ocurren en los EE. UU. cada día, según los Centros para el Control y la Prevención de Enfermedades, y un tercio de ellos son mortales. Saber realizar la RCP (reanimación cardiopulmonar) podría ser la clave para salvar a alguien de un paro cardíaco o ahogamiento. Si se realiza de inmediato, puede duplicar o triplicar las posibilidades de supervivencia de la víctima de un paro cardíaco, según la American Heart Association. Sin embargo, solo alrededor del 40% de las personas que experimentan un paro cardíaco por fuera del hospital reciben ayuda antes de que lleguen los profesionales.

Debido a que aproximadamente el 72% de los paros cardíacos por fuera del hospital ocurren en los hogares, es probable que intente salvar la vida de un ser querido (un familiar, cónyuge, padre/madre o amigo) si se le pide que realice la RCP. Llame al 9-1-1, o envíe a alguien para que lo haga, luego presione fuerte y rápido en el centro del pecho de la persona hasta que llegue la asistencia médica. Utilice un desfibrilador externo automático (DEA), si está disponible, de acuerdo con las indicaciones. Si ha recibido capacitación, tiene una mascarilla de bolsillo y está dispuesto y es capaz, administre respiraciones, ya que son importantes para los niños y en situaciones como ahogamientos. Puede obtener más información sobre la RCP solo con las manos y la RCP convencional a través de los recursos proporcionados gracias al apoyo nacional de Elevance Health Foundation.

Practique la natación segura
Chapotear y nadar en una piscina, lago, río u océano favorito brinda recuerdos para toda la vida, pero también puede ser peligroso sin las precauciones adecuadas. Uno de los pasos más importantes es asegurarse de que los niños sepan nadar y comprendan que no está bien nadar solos, incluso para los adultos. Usar chalecos salvavidas puede prevenir accidentes, ya sea que esté en un bote o en el agua, y designar a un “vigilante del agua” que no se distraiga puede ayudar a identificar una situación peligrosa antes de que se desarrolle.

Asegure la piscina
Incluso cuando no está en uso, una piscina puede ser un peligro, especialmente para las familias con niños pequeños que pueden tener la tentación de jugar mientras los adultos no están cerca. La instalación de cercas con puertas de cierre automático de al menos 4 pies de altura alrededor de las piscinas de los patios traseros puede ayudar a separar a los niños juguetones de las situaciones peligrosas. Además, asegúrese de guardar los tubos de flotación, juguetes, flotadores y otros accesorios de la piscina una vez que termine el tiempo de bañarse en la piscina para mantenerlos fuera de la vista y de la mente; estos símbolos de diversión pueden tentar a los más pequeños y llevarlos hacia el agua cuando no hay supervisión.

Encuentre más formas de mantener segura a su familia este verano visitando heart.org.

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Señales de agotamiento por el calor
Cuando esos brillantes y soleados días de verano los llamen a usted y a sus seres queridos a salir, tenga en cuenta estos signos de enfermedades causadas por el calor, como calambres, agotamiento o insolación. Incluso en los días en que no parecen extremos, el calor y la humedad pueden pasar factura. Si experimenta alguno de estos síntomas, busque sombra, tómese un descanso y beba agua para bajar la temperatura de su cuerpo. Sin embargo, si los síntomas continúan y empeoran o no mejoran con la hidratación y el enfriamiento, busque atención médica.

  • Dolor muscular, calambres o espasmos
  • Sudoración abundante o pérdida de la sudoración
  • Palidez
  • Mareo
  • Dolor de cabeza
  • Náuseas o vómitos
  • Confusión
  • Desmayo o inconsciencia
  • Temperatura corporal alta (más de 100 °F) con piel seca
  • Pulso rápido

Fotos cortesía de Getty Images

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SOURCE:
American Heart Association

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Lifestyle

Mississippi’s education miracle: A model for global literacy reform

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Mississippi
Mississippi’s reforms have led to significant gains in reading and math, despite the state being one of the lowest spenders per pupil in the U.S. Klaus Vedfelt/Getty Images

Harry Anthony Patrinos, University of Arkansas

In a surprising turnaround, Mississippi, once ranked near the bottom of U.S. education standings, has dramatically improved its student literacy rates.

As of 2023, the state ranks among the top 20 for fourth grade reading, a significant leap from its 49th-place ranking in 2013. This transformation was driven by evidence-based policy reforms focused on early literacy and teacher development.

The rest of the country might want to take note.

That’s because Mississippi’s success offers a proven solution to the reading literacy crisis facing many states – a clear road map for closing early literacy gaps and improving reading outcomes nationwide.

As an expert on the economics of education, I believe the learning crisis is not just an educational issue. It’s also economic.

When students struggle, their academic performance declines. And that leads to lower test scores. Research shows that these declining scores are closely linked to reduced economic growth, as a less educated workforce hampers productivity and innovation.

The Mississippi approach

In 2013, Mississippi implemented a multifaceted strategy for enhancing kindergarten to third grade literacy. The Literacy-Based Promotion Act focuses on early literacy and teacher development. It includes teacher training in proven reading instruction methods and teacher coaching.

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Relying on federally supported research from the Institute of Education Science, the state invested in phonics, fluency, vocabulary and reading comprehension. The law provided K-3 teachers with training and support to help students master reading by the end of third grade.

It includes provisions for reading coaches, parent communication, individual reading plans and other supportive measures. It also includes targeted support for struggling readers. Students repeat the third grade if they fail to meet reading standards.

The state also aligned its test to the NAEP, or National Assessment of Educational Progress, something which not all states do. Often referred to as “The Nation’s Report Card,” the NAEP is a nationwide assessment that measures student performance in various subjects.

Mississippi’s reforms have led to significant gains in reading and math, with fourth graders improving on national assessments.

I believe this is extremely important. That’s because early reading is a foundational skill that helps develop the ability to read at grade level by the end of third grade. It also leads to general academic success, graduating from high school prepared for college, and becoming productive adults less likely to fall into poverty.

Research by Noah Spencer, an economics doctoral student at the University of Toronto, shows that the Mississippi law boosted scores.

Students exposed to it from kindergarten to the third grade gained a 0.25 standard deviation improvement in reading scores. That is roughly equivalent to one year of academic progress in reading, according to educational benchmarks. This gain reflects significant strides in students’ literacy development over the course of a school year.

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Another study has found an even greater impact attributed to grade retention in the third grade – it led to a huge increase in learning in English Language Arts by the sixth grade.

But the Mississippi law is not just about retention. Spencer found that grade retention explains only about 22% of the treatment effect. The rest is presumably due to the other components of the measure – namely, teacher training and coaching.

Other previous research supports these results across the country.

Adopting an early literacy policy improves elementary students’ reading achievement on important student assessments, with third grade retention and instructional support substantially enhancing English learners’ skills. The policy also increases test scores for students’ younger siblings, although it is not clear why.

Moreover, third grade retention programs immediately boost English Language Arts and math achievements into middle school without disciplinary incidents or negatively impacting student attendance.

These changes were achieved despite Mississippi being one of the lowest spenders per pupil in the U.S., proving that strategic investments in teacher development and early literacy can yield impressive results even with limited resources.

The global learning crisis

Mississippi’s success is timely. Millions of children globally struggle to read by age 10. It’s a crisis that has worsened after the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Mississippi’s early literacy interventions show lasting impact and offer a potential solution for other regions facing similar challenges.

In 2024, only 31% of U.S. fourth grade students were proficient or above in reading, according to the NAEP, while 40% were below basic. Reading scores for fourth and eighth graders also dropped by five points compared with 2019, with averages lower than any year since 2005.

Two students sit at a desk while they read books.
In 2013, Mississippi ranked 49th in fourth grade reading scores. Klaus Vedfelt/Getty Images

Mississippi’s literacy program provides a learning gain equal to a year of schooling. The program costs US$15 million annually – 0.2% of the state budget in 2023 – and $32 per student.

The learning gain associated with the Mississippi program is equal to about an extra quarter of a year. Since each year of schooling raises earnings by about 9%, then a quarter-year gain means that Mississippi students benefiting from the program will increase future earnings by 2.25% a year.

Based on typical high school graduate earnings, the average student can expect to earn an extra $1,000 per year for the rest of their life.

That is, for every dollar Mississippi spends, the state gains about $32 in additional lifetime earnings, offering substantial long-term economic benefits compared with the initial cost.

The Mississippi literacy project focuses on teaching at the right level, which focuses on assessing children’s actual learning levels and then tailoring instruction to meet them, rather than strictly following age- or grade-level curriculum.

Teaching at the right level and a scripted lessons plan are among the most effective strategies to address the global learning crisis. After the World Bank reviewed over 150 education programs in 2020, nearly half showed no learning benefit.

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I believe Mississippi’s progress, despite being the second-poorest state, can serve as a wake-up call.

Harry Anthony Patrinos, Professor of Education Policy, University of Arkansas

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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Lifestyle

Know Your Family’s Heart History

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An important step in learning about hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

(Family Features) Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) Awareness Day, observed every year on the last Wednesday of February, is a chance to shine a light on a heart condition that runs in families but often goes undiagnosed. Knowing your family’s heart history could help prevent sudden cardiac death.

What is HCM?

HCM is the most common inherited heart disease, affecting 1 in 500 people in the U.S., according to the American Heart Association. It causes the heart muscle to thicken, making it harder for the heart to pump blood. Some people with HCM feel symptoms like fatigue, dizziness, chest pain or shortness of breath while others may not notice anything at all.

Because HCM runs in families, first-degree relatives – including parents, siblings and children – should be screened if a family member has been diagnosed. An echocardiogram or genetic testing can catch HCM early, helping prevent complications and guide treatment.

Why Does This Matter for Young Athletes?

HCM is the leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes, sometimes with no warning signs. Research shows Black male athletes in high-intensity sports like football and basketball may be at higher risk.

In the past, athletes with HCM were often told to avoid intense exercise. Today, AHA/ACC/AMSSM/HRS/PACES/SCMR Guideline for the Management of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy have found many people with HCM can safely stay active. Each athlete should work with a doctor who understands HCM to create a safe exercise plan.

Where Can You Find Support?

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Living with HCM can be overwhelming, but no one has to go through it alone. For example, the American Heart Association’s Support Network connects people with HCM, caregivers and loved ones so they can share experiences, ask questions and find encouragement from others.

If you have a family history of heart disease, cardiac arrest or HCM, talk to a doctor about getting screened. To learn more about HCM and resources for student-athletes and young adults, visit heart.org/HCMStudentAthlete.

Photo courtesy of Shutterstock

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SOURCE:
American Heart Association

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Child Health

Sesame Workshop and NewYork-Presbyterian Join Forces to Champion Children’s Health

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The two organizations will partner to foster healthy habits in young children and their families by offering free resources and videos and “Sesamatized” spaces

Sesame Workshop,

NEW YORK /PRNewswire/ — Today, Sesame Workshop, the global impact nonprofit behind Sesame Street, and NewYork-Presbyterian announced a partnership to improve health outcomes for young children by supporting their physical and emotional well-being through joyful learning moments engaging parents, caregivers, and community providers. Sesame Workshop is collaborating with NewYork-Presbyterian’s physicians and community partners on a social impact and mass media campaign featuring videos, educational materials, and “Sesamatized” physical spaces, to promote children’s health.

The partnership is launching with a six-part video series titled “Ask a Doctor,” featuring Sesame Street Muppets and NewYork-Presbyterian physicians. The videos are designed to educate and empower parents and caregivers on how to help young children stay healthy. They will cover topics including how to develop healthy sleep habits, deal with food allergies, and prepare for wellness visits. The series can be found on Sesame Workshop’s YouTube channel and will be available on NewYork-Presbyterian’s internal patient entertainment system.

“We are delighted to partner with NewYork-Presbyterian in our shared commitment to equity and health justice,” said Jeanette Betancourt, Ed.D., Senior Vice President of U.S. Social Impact at Sesame Workshop. “Our collaboration allows us to combine our expertise in healthcare, child development, and family and community engagement to make an impactful difference in the lives of those who need it most. In fostering healthy practices, especially in the early years, in ways that incorporate the perspectives and needs of parents and caregivers along with their community support networks, we are all working together to pave the way for a healthier, more equitable future.”

“We are thrilled to work with Sesame Workshop to empower parents and caregivers with important health information and meet families where they are,” said Dr. Deepa Kumaraiah, Senior Vice President and Chief Medical Officer of NewYork-Presbyterian. “Through fun learning moments that support the health and well-being of young people in our communities, we can help reduce health disparities and work toward health justice.”

A key focus of the partnership is a collaboration between Sesame Workshop and NewYork-Presbyterian’s neighboring community partners. Sesame Workshop will create educational materials with input from the children and caregivers in the communities NewYork-Presbyterian serves. Among the resources that will be available are bilingual Muppet videos, storybooks, parent guides, and activity books. “Sesamatized” physical spaces including décor featuring Sesame Street Muppets will open in the second half of 2025. The materials will be available where children and their families are, including community centers and NewYork-Presbyterian’s hospitals and clinics.

Additionally, two videos, featuring Elmo, Gabrielle, and other Sesame Street friends, that celebrate everyone of all hair and fur types complement NewYork-Presbyterian’s Dalio Center for Health Justice’s Crown Hair Care program, an initiative to provide inclusive hair care kits for pediatric and obstetric patients with curly, coiled, or tightly textured hair. These are also featured on NewYork-Presbyterian’s patient entertainment system.

About Sesame Workshop 
Sesame Workshop is the global impact nonprofit behind Sesame Street and so much more. For over 50 years, we have worked at the intersection of education, media, and research, creating joyful experiences that enrich minds and expand hearts, all in service of empowering each generation to build a better world. Our beloved characters, iconic shows, outreach in communities, and more bring playful early learning to families in more than 150 countries and advance our mission to help children everywhere grow smarter, stronger, and kinder. Learn more at www.sesame.org and follow Sesame Workshop on InstagramTikTokFacebook, and X

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About NewYork-Presbyterian
NewYork-Presbyterian is one of the nation’s most comprehensive, integrated academic healthcare systems, encompassing 10 hospitals across the Greater New York area, nearly 200 primary and specialty care clinics and medical groups, and an array of telemedicine services.

A leader in medical education, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital is affiliated with two renowned medical schools, Weill Cornell Medicine and Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons. This collaboration means patients have access to the country’s leading physicians, the full range of medical specialties, latest innovations in care, and research that is developing cures and saving lives.

Founded 250 years ago, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital has a long legacy of medical breakthroughs and innovation, from the invention of the Pap test to pioneering the groundbreaking heart valve replacement procedure called TAVR.

NewYork-Presbyterian’s 50,000 employees and affiliated physicians are dedicated to providing the highest quality, most compassionate care to New Yorkers and patients from across the country and around the world.

For more information, visit www.nyp.org and find us on Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, LinkedIn, and Pinterest.

SOURCE NewYork-Presbyterian

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