Automotive
EPA removal of vehicle emissions limits won’t stop the shift to electric vehicles, but will make it harder, slower and more expensive
The EPA’s move to rescind the 2009 “endangerment finding” and roll back vehicle emissions limits won’t stop the shift to electric vehicles—but it will slow adoption, raise costs, and increase climate and public health harms.
Alan Jenn, University of California, Davis
The U.S. government is in full retreat from its efforts to make vehicles more fuel-efficient, which it had been prioritizing, along with state governments, since the 1970s.
The latest move came on Feb. 12, 2026, when President Donald Trump and the Environmental Protection Agency issued a new rule rescinding the landmark “endangerment finding,” and reversing various emissions limits on cars and trucks. The 2009 finding stated that greenhouse gases pose a threat to public health and welfare. If the new rule stands up in court and is not overruled by Congress, it would undo a key part of the long-standing effort to limit greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles.
As a scholar of how vehicle emissions contribute to climate change, I know that the science behind the endangerment finding hasn’t changed. If anything, the evidence has grown that greenhouse gas emissions are warming the planet and threatening people’s health and safety. Heat waves, flooding, sea-level rise and wildfires have only worsened in the decade and a half since the EPA’s ruling.
Regulations over the years have cut emissions from power generation, leaving transportation as the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions in the U.S.
The scientific community agrees that vehicle emissions are harmful and should be regulated. The public also agrees, and has indicated strong preferences for cars that pollute less, including both more efficient gas-burning vehicles and electric-powered ones. Consumers have also been drawn to electric vehicles thanks to other benefits such as performance, operation cost and innovative technologies.
That is why I believe the EPA’s move will not stop the public and commercial transition to electric vehicles, but it will make that shift harder, slower and more expensive for everyone.
Putting carmakers in a bind
The most recent EPA rule about vehicle emissions was finalized in 2024. It set emissions limits that can realistically only be met by a large-scale shift to electric vehicles.
Over the past decade and a half, automakers have been building up their capability to produce electric vehicles to meet these fleet requirements, and a combination of regulations such as California’s zero-emission-vehicle requirements have worked together to ensure customers can get their hands on EVs. The zero-emission-vehicle rules require automakers to produce EVs for the California market, which in turn make it easier for the companies to meet their efficiency and emissions targets from the federal government. These collectively pressure automakers to provide a steady supply of electric vehicles to consumers.
The new EPA move would undo the 2024 EPA vehicle-emissions rule and other federal regulations that also limit emissions from vehicles, such as the heavy-duty vehicle emissions rule.
The possibility of a regulatory reversal puts automakers into a state of uncertainty. Legal challenges to the EPA’s shift are all but guaranteed, and the court process could take years.
For companies making decade-long investment decisions, regulatory stability matters more than short-term politics. Disrupting that stability undermines business planning, erodes investor confidence and sends conflicting signals to consumers and suppliers alike.
A slower roll
The Trump administration has taken other steps to make electric vehicles less attractive to carmakers and consumers.
The White House has already suspended key provisions of the Inflation Reduction Act that provided tax credits for purchasing EVs and halted a US$5 billion investment in a nationwide network of charging stations. And Congress has retracted the federal waiver that allowed California to set its own, stricter emissions limits. In combination, these policies make it hard to buy and drive electric vehicles: Fewer, or no, financial incentives for consumers make the purchases more expensive, and fewer charging stations make travel planning more challenging.
Overturning the EPA’s 2009 endangerment finding would remove the legal basis for regulating climate pollution from vehicles altogether.
But U.S. consumer interest in electric vehicles has been growing, and automakers have already made massive investments to produce electric vehicles and their associated components in the U.S. – such as Hyundai’s EV factory in Georgia and Volkswagen’s Battery Engineering Lab in Tennessee.
Global markets, especially in Europe and China, are also moving decisively toward electrifying large proportions of the vehicles on the road. This move is helped in no small part due to aggressive regulation by their respective governments. The results speak for themselves: Sales of EVs in both the European Union and China have been growing rapidly.
But the pace of change matters. A slower rollout of clean vehicles means more cumulative emissions, more climate damage and more harm to public health.
The EPA’s move seeks to slow the shift to electric vehicles, removing incentives and raising costs – even though the market has shown that cleaner vehicles are viable, the public has shown interest, and the science has never been clearer. But even such a major policy change can’t stop the momentum of those trends.
This is an updated version of an article originally published Aug. 5, 2025.
Alan Jenn, Associate Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis
This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.
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Automotive
EV Interest Climbs as Gas Price Uncertainty Pushes Families Toward Electric SUVs
With ongoing uncertainty surrounding global oil prices, more U.S. consumers are buying and showing more interest in electric vehicles (EVs). The shift comes as car shoppers weigh fuel costs, improving affordability and a growing number of family-friendly electric SUVs.
EV Interest Climbs as Gas Price Uncertainty Pushes Families Toward Electric SUVs
(Feature Impact)With ongoing uncertainty surrounding global oil prices, more U.S. consumers are buying and showing more interest in electric vehicles (EVs). The shift comes as car shoppers weigh fuel costs, improving affordability and a growing number of family-friendly electric SUVs.
Watch this video to learn more
According to Spectrum News, EV sales increased in the first quarter of this year. In the same time frame, interest in new EVs increased 16% and interest in used EVs increased by 30%. As families look for opportunities to ditch the gas pump without sacrificing power or space, new all-electric options create a compelling argument for families to turn to EVs.
For those looking to offset their weekly fuel up, the 2026 Kia EV9 can save drivers around $1,800-3,400 per year compared to gas-powered SUVs. Cars.com named the 2026 Kia EV9 the Best Electric Vehicle of 2026 for the second consecutive year.
“The Kia EV9 stood out because it delivers everything we want from a modern electric SUV – strong real-world range, fast charging, excellent space and comfort, and smart flexibility across the lineup,” said Mike Hanley, Sr. Road Test Editor, Cars.com.
For those who aren’t ready to switch to a fully electric vehicle, Kia has expanded its hybrid options. The 2026 Kia Sportage Hybrid adds horsepower and updated design features, while the Kia Telluride model offers a hybrid version for the first time with a total driving range of up to 637 miles on the Ex FWD-trim.
To learn more about the Kia EV9 and Kia’s hybrid models, visit Kia at kia.com.
SOURCE:
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Consumer Corner
Ford Fathom vs. Slate Truck: The Battle for the Affordable Electric Pickup
Ford Fathom vs Slate Truck: Compare price, features, range and practicality as two affordable electric pickups prepare to battle for buyers.
For years, one of the biggest complaints about electric vehicles has been simple: they cost too much.
Electric pickup trucks have made that problem even more obvious, with many models carrying prices that can quickly climb well beyond what an average truck buyer might want to spend.
Then came Slate Auto, promising something radically different — a small, simple electric pickup with a starting price below $25,000 before destination charges.
Now Ford is entering the conversation.
Meet the Ford Fathom, an upcoming midsize electric pickup expected to start at just $28,350 before destination charges.
And suddenly, the affordable electric truck market is getting very interesting.
What Is the Ford Fathom?
The Fathom is more than another electric Ford.
It’s the first production vehicle based on Ford’s new Universal Electric Vehicle Platform, an architecture designed specifically to reduce the cost and complexity of building EVs.
Ford plans to build the Fathom at its extensively retooled Louisville Assembly Plant in Kentucky, with production scheduled to begin in 2027.
The company says the standard-range Fathom will carry a starting MSRP of $28,350, before destination charges. Preorders are expected to begin in early 2027.
That puts Ford remarkably close to one of the most talked-about inexpensive EVs in America: the Slate Truck.
Remember the Slate Truck?
We previously covered the Slate Truck because its concept is refreshingly simple.
Instead of building an expensive truck loaded with equipment and then trying to make it cheaper, Slate essentially started with the minimum necessary to make a useful electric pickup.
The result is an intentionally basic two-seat truck.
Slate’s latest specifications list a 65-kWh LFP battery, rear-wheel drive, an estimated 205 miles of range, a 5-foot bed, 7-cubic-foot front trunk, maximum payload of 1,550 pounds and maximum towing capacity of 2,000 pounds. Slate emphasizes that these remain manufacturer estimates because the truck is still in preproduction.
The Slate’s philosophy could almost be summarized this way:
Here’s the truck. Add what you want.
That’s part of its appeal.
But Ford has apparently decided there is another way to build an inexpensive electric pickup.
Ford’s Approach: Give Buyers More From the Beginning
This may be the most important difference between the two trucks.
The Slate is deliberately minimalist.
The Fathom is being designed to feel more like the modern vehicle consumers already expect.
Ford says the Fathom will seat five people and offer features including a large high-resolution touchscreen, Apple CarPlay and Android Auto capability, digital-key capability and bidirectional power.
Every Fathom will also be BlueCruise-capable, although use of Ford’s hands-free highway-driving technology may require activation or a subscription depending on how Ford ultimately packages the service.
That creates a fascinating comparison.
The Slate asks:
How much equipment can we remove to make an EV affordable?
Ford appears to be asking:
How can we manufacture an EV differently so we don’t have to remove as much?
Those are two very different solutions to the same problem.
Ford Is Reinventing the Assembly Line, Too
Perhaps the most interesting part of the Fathom isn’t the truck itself.
It’s how Ford intends to build it.
Ford is introducing what it calls an “assembly tree” at its Louisville factory.
Rather than moving an entire vehicle through a conventional linear assembly process, major portions of the Fathom can be constructed separately before being brought together.
Ford is also using large castings and other manufacturing changes intended to reduce complexity and production time.
The company says the approach could improve manufacturing efficiency by approximately 15 percent.
In other words, Ford isn’t simply trying to build a cheaper electric truck.
It’s trying to develop a cheaper way of building electric vehicles.
If it works, the implications could extend well beyond the Fathom.
Ford Fathom vs. Slate Truck
Here’s where the matchup currently stands:Feature Ford Fathom Slate Truck Vehicle Midsize EV pickup Compact EV pickup Starting MSRP $28,350 before destination Under $25,000 before destination Seating 5 2 in pickup configuration Drive Details pending Rear-wheel drive Battery Standard-range version confirmed; capacity TBD 65-kWh LFP Estimated range Not yet announced 205 miles* Bed Yes; dimensions TBD 60.5 inches Frunk Yes 7 cu. ft. Payload TBD Up to 1,550 lb. Towing TBD Up to 2,000 lb. Touchscreen Yes Minimalist device-based approach Power windows Expected as conventional equipment Manual in base configuration BlueCruise capability Yes No Bidirectional power Yes Not comparable at present Production 2027 Preproduction/launch phase
*Slate’s range figure is a manufacturer estimate approximating the EPA test cycle and is not yet an official EPA range rating.
Slate Still Has an Important Advantage
None of this necessarily makes the Slate irrelevant.
In fact, Slate’s simplicity could become its greatest selling point.
Some buyers don’t want increasingly complicated vehicles dominated by giant screens, software subscriptions and electronic features.
They want something closer to the small pickups Americans could buy decades ago:
simple, useful and relatively inexpensive.
Slate also places customization at the center of the ownership experience. Its pickup can effectively serve as a blank canvas for owners who want to configure the vehicle around their needs.
For a small business, delivery operation, hobbyist or someone who simply wants a basic runabout with a pickup bed, that could be extremely attractive.
Ford is selling an affordable modern EV.
Slate is selling an affordable platform you make your own.
But Ford Has One Enormous Advantage
Ford is Ford.
That matters.
Slate is attempting one of the hardest things imaginable in the automotive industry: launching a new automaker while simultaneously designing, manufacturing, selling and supporting an entirely new vehicle.
Ford already has factories, suppliers, dealerships, service departments, financing operations and parts-distribution networks throughout the country.
That doesn’t guarantee the Fathom will succeed.
But it eliminates many of the uncertainties consumers face when buying a vehicle from a startup.
And when the difference between two vehicles could amount to only a few thousand dollars, that established infrastructure becomes an important part of the purchasing decision.
The Biggest Question Is Still Range
There’s one specification we desperately need before declaring a winner:
How far will the Ford Fathom travel on a charge?
Slate currently estimates approximately 205 miles from its 65-kWh battery.
Ford has confirmed that the $28,350 Fathom will use a standard-range battery, with a longer-range version expected, but the company hasn’t yet revealed official range figures.
If Ford can deliver competitive range while keeping the Fathom around the promised $30,000 threshold, it could become one of the most consequential affordable EV introductions in years.
If the base truck’s range is significantly lower, however, Slate’s proposition starts looking considerably stronger.
The Affordable Truck May Be Making a Comeback
Perhaps the most encouraging part of the Fathom-versus-Slate story has nothing to do with which company wins.
It’s the fact that manufacturers are once again talking seriously about affordable trucks.
Pickup trucks have become larger, more luxurious and substantially more expensive over the past several decades.
Slate went in the opposite direction by asking how little truck someone actually needs.
Ford is now asking whether advanced manufacturing can deliver more vehicle without dramatically increasing the price.
Those philosophies are about to meet in the marketplace.
And consumers may ultimately be the winners.
For now, we’re calling this one:
Slate is the fascinating minimalist. Ford Fathom is the potentially formidable mainstream challenger.
But we’re reserving final judgment until Ford tells us the numbers that matter most — EPA range, battery capacity, payload, towing capacity and what buyers will actually pay when the truck reaches dealerships.
What do you think? Would you choose the ultra-simple Slate Truck, or spend a little more for the five-passenger Ford Fathom? Let us know in the comments.
Follow STM Daily News Consumer Corner Automotive for updates as Ford releases additional Fathom specifications and as the Slate Truck moves closer to customer deliveries.
Sources & Related Links
- Slate Auto — Official Website — Official information on the Slate Truck, customization options, pricing and projected range. Slate currently lists the Blank Slate at $24,950 with 205 miles of projected range.
- Slate Truck — Official Specifications — Detailed manufacturer specifications covering the 65-kWh LFP battery, dimensions, charging, 1,550-pound maximum payload, 2,000-pound towing capacity and projected 205-mile range.
- Slate Auto FAQ — Useful background on pricing, deliveries, charging and Slate’s unusual minimalist approach. Slate says first deliveries are planned for late 2026 and lists a $1,450 destination charge.
- Slate Press Kit — Particularly useful for STM Daily News because Slate provides official high-resolution photography, video and media materials here.
- Slate — Getting Your Truck — Explains Slate’s direct-to-consumer purchasing process, preorders and expected delivery process.
(Feature Impact) Review any driver’s road trip checklist, and you’ll likely find some items always top the list, such as suitcases, snacks and (sometimes) a spare tire.
New research from Hankook Tire’s ongoing consumer Gauge Index Survey found that, when packing for a road trip, nearly 6 in 10 drivers (58%) said they would prioritize bringing a spare tire and tools. While the majority said they check their spare tire, getting stuck without air in the spare could quickly turn an adventure into a headache.
Before you hit the road next, here are three ways to prepare:
1. Check your vehicle.
Preparing for a long road trip requires more than simply saving room in the suitcase for souvenirs. Once the bags are packed, it’s easy to get behind the wheel and go. However, a quick car inspection is an important step, especially as 36% of Americans said if they could eliminate one travel inconvenience, it would be vehicle issues.
According to the survey, nearly all drivers (86%) check their fuel level before a road trip. Yet only about two-thirds (66%) inspect their engine fluids even though this is also a key recommendation before a long drive. Don’t forget to plan your refueling or EV charging stops ahead of time: 27% of drivers said running out of fuel is their top concern on the road.
2. Kick the tires.
Most drivers (78%) check their tire pressure before a road trip, and the majority of drivers (90%) have a spare tire in their vehicle. Yet less than half (44%) actually check their spare tire before a long drive. This may be because 71% of drivers regularly inspect their spare at least once a month, giving them peace of mind that it’s ready if needed.
Before heading out, experts recommend checking tire tread, as well. A quick coin test can confirm your tires are in good shape. Insert a nickel or quarter heads-down into the groove of the tire with the head pointing down. If the top of the head is visible, it’s recommended to replace the tires.
3. Pack the emergency essentials.
Beyond the phone charger and salty-and-sweet snack combo of choice, think about what else you might need if you find yourself in a roadside emergency. Many drivers consider a first-aid kit (25%) and navigation system or map (35%) essential additions to a spare tire. The latter could certainly help avoid many drivers’ biggest worries: More than 1 in 5 (21%) said getting stranded in a remote area is their worst-case scenario for a road trip mishap.
No matter where your journey takes you, a little preparation goes a long way. By referring to these insights from Hankook Tire’s Gauge Index Survey, you can start your adventure confidently prepared for whatever the road may bring.
Photo courtesy of Shutterstock
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