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NASA funds UC Irvine-led mission to record changes in Antarctica’s ice sheet

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Researchers will use data from upcoming and existing international satellite missions
Eric Rignot, UCI professor of Earth system science, went on an expedition to Antarctica in the spring of 2023. His team recently won a $2.8 million grant from NASA to conduct a thorough survey of the condition of the southern continent’s ice sheet, using advanced satellite radar and other tools. Eric Rignot / UCI

Newswise — Irvine, Calif., Oct. 26, 2023 – NASA has awarded a $2.8 million grant to researchers at the University of California, Irvine for a five-year project to survey Antarctica’s ice sheet. Led by Eric Rignot, UCI professor of Earth system science, the newly funded endeavor aims to provide the most detailed record yet of the condition of glaciers on the vast southern continent.

Primarily using data from the upcoming NISAR satellite mission, a collaboration between NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the Indian Space Research Organization, the UCI glaciologists will also incorporate observations from the European Space Agency’s Copernicus Sentinel-1 satellites, the U.S./Finnish ICEYE constellation, the Canadian RCM constellation and Japan’s Advanced Land Observing Satellite mission.

This will be the fourth time NASA has approved financial support for the Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments program; each grant has covered a five-year period, for a total of 20 years.

“The MEaSUREs program is unique among all space agency projects in that it provides funding for scientists to develop advanced geophysical products of interest to the community and that go beyond what the missions produce on their own,” Rignot said. “The assets we have developed as part of this effort are considered the premium datasets for the research community, especially climate modelers.”

Earlier phases of the program resulted in a continental map of ice velocity in Antarctica released in 2011; a mapping of grounding lines – where the ice leaves the land and begins to float in the ocean – also published in 2011; and the creation of a new bed topography – a mapping of the ground surface beneath the ice – in 2018. These products have since been enhanced and updated on an annual basis.

One of the most significant MEaSUREs outcomes was an advanced topographical tool called BedMachine Antarctica, unveiled in 2019. Mathieu Morlighem, a former associate professor of Earth system science at UCI, led that effort. He is now the Evans Family Distinguished Professor of Earth Sciences at Dartmouth and will continue as the bed topography project partner with the UCI group.

Rignot said a new focus of his team will be expanding the area of inquiry around glacier grounding lines that polar ice researchers consider to be highly susceptible to the effects of global climate change.

“Our recent research in both Antarctica and Greenland has shown that the ice sheet vulnerability is impacted by the interaction of ocean water, which is warming as a result of global climate change, and the undersides of glaciers,” he said. “Accelerated melting is happening not just at the grounding line, where the ice meets the ocean, but farther inland, where we’ve seen cavities forming. We’ve come to identify this area as the grounding zone.”

Rignot said he is expecting to make “major discoveries and advances” with this mission.

“We are moving to a set of products that only use the interferometric phase of synthetic aperture radar data, which results in an improvement in ice velocity accuracy by a factor of 10, and we will produce maps at a finer sample spacing,” he said. “NISAR is an especially exciting mission for us because its radar is pointing south (most radars are pointing north), and it will provide complete coverage of the continent every 12 days.”

Rignot noted that MEaSUREs-4 would not be possible without the participation of his team, including Morlighem; Bernd Scheuchl, UCI researcher in Earth system science; and Seongsu Jeong, UCI assistant project scientist in Earth system science, who is now at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. And he made a special mention of Jeremie Mouginot, a UCI Earth system science researcher who died in September 2022.

“Jeremie was a central member of the team, the main architect of the complex structure assembled to process not hundreds but thousands of interferometric SAR pairs from multiple satellites, and also an outstanding scientist with a great publication record,” Rignot said. “His legacy will carry us on for MEaSUREs-4, and we would like to dedicate this new project to his memory.”

Also a senior research scientist at NASA JPL, he added, “As of today, we are not aware of a project of comparable ambition in Antarctica. Our team is relatively small, but we hope to keep the UCI name at the top of the game for this project and help the scientific community benefit the most from the new satellite missions.”

About the University of California, Irvine: Founded in 1965, UCI is a member of the prestigious Association of American Universities and is ranked among the nation’s top 10 public universities by U.S. News & World Report. The campus has produced five Nobel laureates and is known for its academic achievement, premier research, innovation and anteater mascot. Led by Chancellor Howard Gillman, UCI has more than 36,000 students and offers 224 degree programs. It’s located in one of the world’s safest and most economically vibrant communities and is Orange County’s second-largest employer, contributing $7 billion annually to the local economy and $8 billion statewide. For more on UCI, visit www.uci.edu.

Media access: Radio programs/stations may, for a fee, use an on-campus ISDN line to interview UCI faculty and experts, subject to availability and university approval. For more UCI news, visit news.uci.edu. Additional resources for journalists may be found at https://news.uci.edu/media-resources/.

Source: University of California, Irvine

Space and Tech

NASA Awards Expand Research Capabilities at Institutions Nationwide

NASA is allocating around $45 million to 21 higher education institutions to enhance research capacity.

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NASA is awarding approximately $45 million to 21 higher-education institutions to help build capacity for research. The awards were made possible through the Minority University Research and Education Project Institutional Research Opportunity (MIRO) and Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) grants, which are funded by the agency’s Office of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Engagement.

NASA is allocating around $45 million to 21 higher education institutions to enhance research capacity.
A photo of a team of researchers from the University of Puerto Rico-Río Piedras while working to discover a more efficient water recycling system for use on space missions. The team is comprised of doctoral students Liz Santiago-Martoral, on the left, and Alondra Rodriguez-Rolon, and their mentor Professor Eduardo Nicolau. One of their experiments can be seen on the countertop to the left of the group.
Credits: NASA

“NASA’s Minority University Research and Education Project Institutional Research Opportunity and Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research awards help institutions raise their technological bar,” said Torry Johnson, deputy associate administrator of STEM Engagement Programs at NASA Headquarters in Washington. “When institutions enhance their capabilities and infrastructure, they become more competitive in their research, which opens doors to valuable experience and opportunities.”

Minority University Research and Education Project Institutional Research Opportunity (MIRO) Awards

Seven minority-serving institutions will receive approximately $5 million each over a five-year period of performance for projects that span a variety of research topics. The institutions and their proposed projects are:

  • Alaska Pacific University in Anchorage – Alaska Pacific University Microplastics Research and Education Center
  • California State University in Fullerton – SpaceIgnite Center for Advanced Research-Education in Combustion
  • City University of New York, Hunter College in New York – NASA-Hunter College Center for Advanced Energy Storage for Space
  • Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University in Tallahassee – Integrative Space Additive Manufacturing: Opportunities for Workforce-Development in NASA Related Materials Research and Education
  • New Jersey Institute of Technology in Newark – AI Powered Solar Eruption Center of Excellence in Research and Education
  • University of Houston in Houston – NASA MIRO Inflatable Deployable Environment and Adaptive Space Systems Center
  • University of Illinois in Chicago – Center for In-Space Manufacturing: Recycling and Regolith Processing

NASA’s MIRO award was established to strengthen and develop research capacity and infrastructure of minority serving institutions in areas of strategic importance and value to NASA missions and national priorities.

Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) Award

NASA establishes partnerships with government, higher education, and industry to create lasting improvements in research infrastructure and capacity for specific states or regions, while enhancing its national research and development competitiveness. The program is directed at those jurisdictions that have traditionally not participated in competitive aerospace and aerospace-related research activities.

NASA will award 14 institutions up to $750,000 each over the course of a three-year period of performance. The awarded institutions and their projects are:

  • University of Mississippi in University – Development of a Lagrangian Stability Analysis Framework for High-Speed Boundary Layers
  • University of Alabama in Huntsville – Testing the functionality and performance of a large area detector for STROBE-X
  • Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge – Colloidal Assembly: Understanding the Electric Field Driven Assembly of Colloids and its Applications (Science Mission Directorate)
  • West Virginia University in Morgantown – Science Mission Directorate: Bringing Gravitational-Wave Astronomy into the Space Age: Next-Generation Waveform Modeling of Black-Hole Binary Coalescences for Laser Intererometer Space Antenna Data Analysis
  • University of Puerto Rico in San Juan – NASA EPSCoR: Space Technology Mission Directorate/Jet Propulsion Laboratory: Advancing High-Energy, Cycle-Stable Sulfur-Based Batteries for NASA Space Missions: An Integrated Framework of Density Functional Theory, Machine Learning, and Materials Innovation
  • Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada – NASA’s Ames Research Center in Silicon Valley, California: Prospecting and Pre-Colonization of the Moon and Mars using Autonomous Robots with Human-In-The-Loop
  • Oklahoma State University in Stillwater – A.7.4.2 Biosignature Detection of Solar System Ocean Worlds using Science-Guided Machine Learning
  • Iowa State University in Ames – Johnson Space Center, Ames Research Center: Non-GPS Navigation System Using Dual Star/Planetary Cameras for Lunar and Deep-Space CubeSat Missions
  • University of Alaska Fairbanks in Fairbanks – NASA’s Glenn Research Center in Cleveland: The Alaska – Venus analog: synthesizing seismic ground motion and wind noise in extreme environments
  • University of the Virgin Islands in Charlotte Amalie – University of the Virgin Islands Etelman Observatory in the Era of Time Domain and MultiMessenger Astronomy: Preparing for a New Era of Science Productivity
  • University of Hawaii at Manoa in Honolulu – Cubesats for Climate Change Detection of Transient Greenhouse Gas Emissions
  • University of Idaho in Moscow – Science Mission Directorate and Goddard Space Flight Center: Improving Global Dryland Streamflow Modeling by Better Characterizing Vegetation Use of Deep-Water Resources Using NASA’s Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment/Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On, SWOT, and Land Information System
  • University of Arkansas in Little Rock – AR- III-Nitride Ultraviolet Laser Diodes for Harsh Environments, Space Based Communications, and Remote Sensing (Space Technology Mission Directorate)
  • South Dakota School of Mines and Technology in Rapid City – Science Mission Directorate: High Spatial-Temporal Resolution Soil Moisture Retrieval using Deep Learning Fusion of Multimodal Satellite Datastreams

Both awards were made through NASA’s Office of STEM engagement solicitations. They promote STEM literacy to enhance and sustain the capability of institutions to perform NASA-related research and education, which directly supports the agency’s mission directorates.

For more information about NASA STEM, visit:

https://stem.nasa.gov

Source: NASA

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Blue Origin’s NS-25 Mission: Launch Date Set and Historic Inclusion of First Black Astronaut Candidate

Blue Origin’s NS-25 Mission: Historic launch date set with America’s first Black astronaut candidate onboard. Stay tuned for details!

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New Shepard’s Crewed NS-25 Mission Targets Liftoff on May 19
Blue Origin announced today its seventh human flight, NS-25, will lift off from Launch Site One in West Texas on Sunday, May 19. The launch window opens at 8:30 AM CDT / 1330 UTC. The webcast on BlueOrigin.com will start at T-40 minutes.

"Blue Origin's NS-25 mission launch featuring America's first Black astronaut candidate and a diverse crew."
NS-25 mission patch

Additionally, Blue Origin released the NS-25 mission patch. A few of the symbols embedded include:

The Gemini spacecraft represents Ed Dwight’s aerospace training era. The hand lifting the crew capsule is a nod to his extensive artwork.

The sunrise represents Mason Angel and Carol Schaller’s desire to experience the overview effect.

The mountains symbolize Carol Schaller, Gopi Thotakura, and Sylvain Chiron’s passion for climbing and skiing.

The crew capsule’s leaf design reflects the groundbreaking family heritage software Kenneth L. Hess developed.

"Blue Origin's NS-25 mission launch featuring America's first Black astronaut candidate and a diverse crew."

NS-25 Mission Crew


New Shepard’s 25th Mission Includes America’s First Black Astronaut Candidate
April 4, 2024

Blue Origin today revealed the six-person crew flying on its NS-25 mission. The crew includes Mason Angel, Sylvain Chiron, Kenneth L. Hess, Carol Schaller, Gopi Thotakura, and former Air Force Captain Ed Dwight, who was selected by President John F. Kennedy in 1961 as the nation’s first Black astronaut candidate but was never granted the opportunity to fly to space.
Meet the Crew
Ed Dwight

In 1961, Ed was chosen by President John F. Kennedy to enter training at the Aerospace Research Pilot School (ARPS), an elite U.S. Air Force flight training program known as a pathway for entering the NASA Astronaut Corps. In 1963, after successfully completing the ARPS program, Ed was recommended by the U.S. Air Force for the NASA Astronaut Corps but ultimately was not among those selected. He entered private life in 1966 and spent a decade as an entrepreneur before dedicating his life’s work to using sculpture as a medium to tell the story of Black history. He’s spent the last five decades creating large-scale monuments of iconic Black figures, including Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Frederick Douglass, and Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad, among many others. His more than 130 public works are installed in museums and public spaces across the U.S. and Canada. Ed was born in 1933 and raised in Kansas City, KS.

Ed’s seat is sponsored by Space for Humanity, a nonprofit changing global perspectives by democratizing access to space for all of humanity, with additional support from the Jaison and Jamie Robinson Foundation.

Mason Angel

Mason is the founder of Industrious Ventures, a venture capital fund supporting early-stage companies that enable or progress new industrial revolutions. Mason is an active member in his family’s foundation and will use this mission to inspire children and advance partnerships with nonprofits focused on STEM in early education. He spends his free time skiing or hiking in the Rocky Mountains and can often be found with his dog Leo, named for low Earth orbit.

Sylvain Chiron

Sylvain is the founder of the Brasserie Mont Blanc, one of the largest craft breweries in France. Sylvain was born in the French Alps and is a lifelong aviator and skier. He earned his pilot’s license at age 16. After spending several summers in Florida taking additional flying lessons and watching Space Shuttle launches, Sylvain entered mandatory service in the French military, where he served as a ski instructor for the French Air Force and NATO pilots. Following the military, he pursued an international MBA at Temple University and moved to Tokyo to study business in Japan. Sylvain and his family are based in Savoy, France, where he’s also involved in philanthropy focused on children’s education and nature preservation.

Kenneth L. Hess

Ken is a software engineer and entrepreneur who shaped today’s technology-based family history industry when he developed the Family Tree Maker product line in the 1990s. The company was acquired by Ancestry.com in 2003. In 2001, Ken gave back by founding Science Buddies, a K-12 nonprofit created to level the playing field and improve STEM literacy by inspiring students through free, personalized, hands-on projects in all areas of science, including space exploration. Science Buddies has reached one-quarter billion users. Ken’s lifelong passion for space exploration is in his DNA, with numerous early American pioneers in his mother’s lineage and many engineers and technicians in his father’s.

Carol Schaller

Carol is a retired CPA. In 2017, her doctor told her she would likely go blind. She has since traveled to 25 countries around the world, visited Mount Everest Base Camp, trekked to the Bwindi Impenetrable Forest of Uganda to see mountain gorillas, visited the South Pole, and camped in a tent in the desolate Antarctic plain at -20 degrees. Seeing Earth’s thin layer of atmosphere in the blackness of space will fulfill a lifelong dream. Carol and her husband of 40 years live on a farm in Lumberville, PA, with a view of the stars, two cows, 100 chickens, a dog, and a dancing parrot.

Gopi Thotakura

Gopi is a pilot and aviator who learned how to fly before he could drive. He’s co-founder of Preserve Life Corp, a global center for holistic wellness and applied health located near Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. In addition to flying jets commercially, Gopi pilots bush, aerobatic, and seaplanes, as well as gliders and hot air balloons, and has served as an international medical jet pilot. A lifelong traveler, his most recent adventure took him to the summit of Mt. Kilimanjaro. Gopi is a graduate of Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University.

Each astronaut will carry a postcard to space on behalf of Blue Origin’s foundation, Club for the Future. This program gives students access to space on Blue Origin’s rockets, including an all-digital method to create and send postcards, which can be found here. The Club’s mission is to inspire and mobilize future generations to pursue careers in STEAM for the benefit of Earth.

From an environmental standpoint, nearly 99% of New Shepard’s dry mass is reused, including the booster, capsule, engine, landing gear, and parachutes. New Shepard’s engine is fueled by highly efficient liquid oxygen and hydrogen. During flight, the only byproduct is water vapor with no carbon emissions.

The flight date will be announced soon.

https://www.blueorigin.com/news/new-shepard-ns-25-mission-announcement

Follow Blue Origin on XInstagramFacebookLinkedInThreads, and YouTube, and sign up on BlueOrigin.com to stay current on all mission details. 

About Blue Origin

Blue Origin is a private aerospace company founded by Jeff Bezos in 2000. With its headquarters in Kent, Washington, Blue Origin aims to make space travel more accessible and sustainable. The company’s mission is centered around developing technologies to enable human colonization of space and to protect the Earth by shifting heavy industry to space.

Source: Blue Origin

https://stmdailynews.com/category/science

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Space and Tech

NASA to Discuss New Polar Climate Mission During Media Teleconference

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The first of two shoebox-sized satellites is targeted to launch aboard a Rocket Lab Electron rocket no earlier than Wednesday, May 22.
The PREFIRE mission will launch the first of two CubeSats – depicted in this artist’s concept orbiting Earth – into space on Wednesday, May 22, 2024, to study how much heat the planet absorbs and emits from its polar regions. These measurements will inform climate and ice models.
Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech

NASA is hosting a media call at 3 p.m. EDT, Wednesday, May 15, to discuss the agency’s PREFIRE (Polar Radiant Energy in the Far-InfraRed Experiment) mission, which aims to improve life on Earth by studying heat loss from Earth’s polar regions and provide information on our changing climate.

The first of two shoebox-sized satellites is targeted to launch aboard a Rocket Lab Electron rocket no earlier than Wednesday, May 22. The launch date for the second satellite will be announced shortly after the launch of the first satellite.

Earth absorbs a lot of energy from the Sun at the tropics. Weather and ocean currents move that heat energy toward the poles, where the heat radiates upward into space. Much of that heat is in far-infrared wavelengths and has never been systematically measured. The data from PREFIRE will address this knowledge gap for the benefit of all by improving predictions of climate change and sea level rise.

The audio-only teleconference streamed live on the agency’s website.

Participants include:

  • Karen St. Germain, director, Earth Science Division, NASA Headquarters in Washington
  • Mary White, project manager, PREFIRE, NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Southern California
  • Tristan L’Ecuyer, principal investigator, PREFIRE, University of Wisconsin-Madison
  • Peter Beck, CEO and founder, Rocket Lab

To participate by telephone, media must RSVP no later than two hours before the start of the call, to Elizabeth Vlock at: elizabeth.a.vlock@nasa.gov.

For more information about NASA’s PREFIRE mission, visit:

https://science.nasa.gov/mission/prefire

https://stmdailynews.com/category/science

Source: NASA

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